Physics Formulas: Speed, Acceleration, Force, Mass, Weight, Pressure
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Physics Formulas
Speed
V: Average velocity
- V = s / t
- s: Distance traveled
- s = v · t
- t: Time spent
- t = s / v
- Minutes to hours = min / 60
SI units:
- Speed is the distance traveled by a mobile unit per unit of time.
- m / s
- km / h
- cm / s
Acceleration
a: Acceleration
- a = Vf - V0 / t
- Vf: Final velocity
- Vf = V0 + a · t
- V0: Initial velocity
- V0 = Vf - a · t
- t: Time
SI units:
- Acceleration is the change in speed per unit of time.
- m / s2
Forces
F: Force in newtons
- F = m · a
- m: Mass in kg
- a: Acceleration in m / s2
SI units:
- Force is a physical quantity associated with movement.
- Newton (N)
- Kilogram-force (kgf)
- Pound (lb)
- Dyne (dyn)
Forces in the same direction:
- FR = F1 + F2
Forces in opposite directions:
- FR = F1 - F2
Mass
m: Mass in kg
- m = F / a
- F: Force in newtons
- a: Acceleration in m / s2
SI units:
- kg
Weight
p: Weight in newtons
- p = m · g
- m: Mass in kg
- g: Gravity in m / s2
SI units:
- Newtons (N)
Weight is the force exerted on bodies found on the Earth's surface and are subjected to the force of gravitational attraction.
Do not confuse weight with mass.
Pressure
P: Pressure
- P = F / S
- F: Force
- S: Surface
SI units:
- Pascal (Pa)
- Millibars (mb)
- Hectopascals (hPa)
Pressure is the relationship between the force and the surface on which it is applied.
Energy is the capacity of material systems to make changes in themselves or other material systems.
Types of Energy:
- Mechanical energy
- Kinetic energy
- Gravitational potential energy
- Elastic potential energy
- Electrical energy
- Radiant electromagnetic energy
- Chemical energy
- Thermal energy
- Nuclear energy (fission and fusion reactions)
Work (W) is the product between the force on a material system and the distance that the system travels.
A machine is a tool that reduces the effort needed to perform work.
Energy sources are the natural resources humans use to obtain energy that can be utilized.