Operating Systems: Types, Processes, and Architectures

Batch Processing Systems

5) For + d l sistma oprativo exploit. Two types are distinguished:

• Processes by Lots: The following processes are followed:

1. Load the data in a device (e.g., punched cards).
2. Receive the magnetic tape CPU and processes, leaving the results on another magnetic tape.
3. Other devices manage the processed data, leaving it for printing or visualization.

In this way, the CPU processes data only in intervals. This system is very slow because it takes time to load and remove the data. This is the oldest system used and the first structure supposed to be of the IT department, according to these functions. The operators entered and exited the CPU managers.

• Real-Time:

The process is very different from the processes by lots, more prone to high speed, and the user loads data, and at the same time, the computer processes and pulls data. This is the system used today.

6: Types of Operating Systems

Number of users who use the system simultaneously:

• Single User: All hardware and software resources are used by the same user.
• Multiuser: Multiple users at once. Appear processes queues calls (SPOOL).

Number of processes: This classification is according to the number of processes or programs that the computer can perform simultaneously. These types are distinguished:

• Monoprogramming or Single-Tasking: The system can only run one program at once. Example of these systems is MS-DOS.
• Multiprogramming or Multitasking: These systems can run multiple programs at once. They use the CPU according to importance or priority that the system defines. Within this type, there are two procedures:
  • Simulated: Simulates making several tasks but does them one by one (Process A + Process B)
  • Real: Are executed simultaneously since the system has multiple CPUs.

Number of processors:

• Uniprocessor: A single CPU. All entries go through the CPU. It can be Mono, multitasking, mono, multi-user.
• Multiprocessing: The computer has multiple processors, can work in the following ways:
  • Asymmetric Multiprocessing: Upload work on a processor until it is saturated and is passed to another.
  • Symmetric Multiprocessing: Work is shared between the CPUs of the OS. Each program uses a portion of each. E.g., Windows, Unix, NT Server.