Natural Approach and Suggestopedia: Language Teaching Methods

The Natural Approach

This method is based on the ideas and contributions of Tracy Terrell and Stephen Krashen.

Approach

Krashen and Terrell view communication as the primary function of language. The theory and research of learning are grounded on Krashen’s five core hypotheses:

• Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis
• Monitor Hypothesis
• Natural Order Hypothesis
• Input Hypothesis
• Affective Filter Hypothesis

Design

Regarding types of learning and teaching activities, there is a gradual progression.

Procedure

In all activities, the instructor maintains a constant flow of “comprehensible input,” using key vocabulary, appropriate gestures, context, repetition, and paraphrase to ensure the input is understood.

Suggestopedia

Suggestopedia is a specific set of learning recommendations derived from Suggestology, which Lozanov describes as a “science.”

Approach

Lozanov does not articulate a theory of language; instead, suggestion is at the heart of Suggestopedia as a learning theory.

Design

Suggestopedia aims to deliver advanced conversational proficiency quickly. A course typically lasts thirty days and consists of ten units of study. Classes are held four hours a day, six days a week. The central focus of each unit is a dialogue consisting of approximately 1,200 words, which serves as the syllabus.

Procedure

The four-hour class session consists of three distinct parts:

1. Oral review section.
2. Presentation and discussion of new material.
3. Concert session: The component for which Suggestopedia is best known.

Comparing and Evaluating Methods

An approach or method is more than simply a set of instructional practices. To assess the value or effectiveness of methods, it is necessary to consider them in relation to a language course or program with specific goals, objectives, and characteristics.

From the perspective of language curriculum development, the choice of teaching method is one phase within a system of interrelated activities. The selection of a teaching approach, materials, and learning activities is usually made within the context of language program design and development.