From Myth to Logos: Understanding the Branches of Philosophy

From Myth to Logos

The philosophy appears to sigol IV BC environment, with the thinkers of the school of origin mileto. The philosophy is often characterized by the expression of the transition from myth to logos. It gave reference to the gradual abandonment of the myth and its replacement by logos. Represents the appearance of rational thought and reflection that takes the place of traditional mythical explanations acritically. We speak of the abandonment of the myth in favor of the rational, when being human nature is about trying to find explanations of what happens not appeal to the capricious and arbitrary wishes of the gods, but basically explanations arising from observation of reality and rational reflection. Major differences are:

• Myth: It has an imaginative, fantastic explanation, based on the vicissitudes of gods and heroes and traditional conception of the world is chaotic, arbitrary, because not subject to any fixed law.
• Logos: It has a rational explanation based on natural causes from experience and observation and is critical. The worldview is a standing order is governed by laws as fixed and stable.

The Branches of Philosophy

The main branches of philosophy include:

Metaphysics

Metaphysics means beyond physics. It is that part of philosophy that deals with being, i.e., the properties of everything that is or exists, regardless of what branch of philosophy. This is the oldest, and is the characteristic of the activity filosofica.

Logic

Logic gets the name from a Greek logos, reason and deals with the reasoning expressed linguisticamente. It studies its form and structure correction, set when an argument is well constructed and can be sure of the validity of his conclusion.

Epistemology

Also known as theory of knowledge and deals with issues such as: what is knowledge, types and forms of knowledge, science, the limits of what we know... This branch of philosophy is one that is more popular acutalmente.

Ethics

Ethics aims to moral codes, so analyzes its grounding our moral standards, their validity, universality, is another of the traditional branches of filosofia.

Aesthetics

Aesthetics is the branch of philosophy concerned with art and beauty in general, although the interest and artistic reflection on what are as old as humans, as a philosophical discipline, aesthetics has a recent birth (eighteenth century).