Movement Dynamics and Body Expression Fundamentals

Qualities of Movement

The four factors that act on motion are: gravity, space, time, and flow.

Gravity

Any body is affected by gravity. It can, however, be used as an expressive element. There are two possibilities:

• In support of the gravitational force.
• Against it.

Space

The range of movement within the body also develops in space.

Movement Direction

• Direct: Movement in a single direction.
• Flexible or Indirect: Movement changing direction.

Movement Extension

• Constrained
• Large

Time

Every movement has a duration in time, as well as intensity, tone, and intention. There are two main types:

• Sustained movement: long, slow, continuous.
• Sudden or impulsive movement: short, fast.

These two modes connect the musical universe with the universe of body language.

Flow of Movement

Movements have a path within the body, starting from a point (either the center of gravity or the nearest point if moving a specific part). From the starting point, energy propagates through the different joints, which respond in sequence. This experience is called the flow of movement.

Laban's Eight Effort Actions

These have enormous application in bodywork. Rudolf von Laban grouped them into what he called basic actions of effort:

• Punch (Hit)
• Press (Push)
• Wring (Twist)
• Slash (Split)
• Flick (Shake)
• Float
• Dab (Type)
• Glide (Slide)

Understanding Body Expression

Expression is the act of externalizing something hidden, bringing out content. It is also the manifestation of effects, emotions, feelings, and anything that shapes personality.

The Potential of Expression

Expression is a characteristic human potential whose effect is reflected outwardly, basically allowing individuals to:

• Make themselves known.
• Communicate (desires, ideas, and emotions).
• Release tension.
• Sublimate (create).

Human vs. Animal Expression (Lain Entralgo)

According to Lain Entralgo (1989, p.172), human expression differs from animal expression in at least three essential ways when it is fully human:

1. Humans can speak voluntarily or modulate their expression.
2. Humans can use any part of their body to express themselves.
3. Humans can express themselves through symbols – signs conventionally established by a group for communication among its members.

We speak of Body Expression because humans communicate with their bodies using movements, gestures, words, silences, and looks – encompassing both verbal and non-verbal language.

Characteristics of Expression

Natural

All beings express themselves; it is an observable reality.

Necessary

Psychologists, sociologists, and educators state that each individual develops based on the degree of expression and freedom they are given and take. This need manifests as:

• The need to externalize personal thoughts and projects.
• The need to discharge accumulated energy and tension.
• The need for balance.
• The need for communicative interaction.
• The operation of creativity, originality, and the sublimating element.