Microprocessors and Memory Types: A Deep Dive

Microprocessors

The microprocessor is the device responsible for processing the data received. It is able to perform arithmetic operations and transfer blocks of information. The increase in processing power allows for faster and faster PCs. This is mainly due to improvements in architecture, microcode, and operating speeds.

Overclocking

Overclocking is a method used to obtain faster processing speed by increasing the domestic multiplier value of the microprocessor. It is not advisable because it causes overheating of the processor. Besides the increased frequency, it may result in errors of "timing" and then produce erroneous results or hang the system. You can also overclock the system clock speed, which will affect the overall team bus. This may cause drives and CDs to stop working or video to show errors, and even affect the memory. For all these reasons, it is not advisable to indiscriminately change the values of equipment performance. If you want something safer, it is better to buy the right components to operate at the appropriate speed.

Memory: Home or Work

This is used by the microprocessor to load the programs to be executed, as well as data to be processed. This memory also stores the operating system during the initialization of the machine and remains there until the computer shuts down.

Cache Memory

Serving as an intermediary between the microprocessor and main memory, cache memory enhances the performance of a common system due to its high-speed access.

Types of Non-Volatile or Permanent Memory

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

This type of memory is "read-only." The program it contains is recorded at the time of manufacture. It was generally used to support the PC BIOS.

PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory)

This memory allows a single recording, usually made with a device known as a PROM writer/EPROM. After recording, it behaves like a ROM, not allowing alterations to the recorded program.

EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)

This allows recording using a "recorder PROM/EPROM" with the addition that it can be erased by exposure to UV light of a particular feature. It is generally used for the BIOS of all types of equipment (printers, PCs, scanners).

EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)

You can record through electrical signals. This lets you update the program it contains without removing it from the computer in which it is installed. It is used in PCs for the BIOS, modems, printers, and all types of peripherals that need to update the BIOS. The applications of these types of chips, in general, are: BIOS, flash memory, device settings, etc.