Microprocessor Techniques: Binary Codes and Instruction Execution

The application of several binary codes in microprocessor technique

Nbà + integer arithmetic, table/matrix indexing, event counting., C2à integer arithmetic, exponents in floating point notation.,Bcdà Faults:not effetive use of binary Word, absence of sign., Grayà code disksor bars to control position of moving elements., AScià Communication(text), service of: mosaic display, printers, autonomous keyboards.

Neuman:

It has a single storage system, Processor needs two clocks cycles. Dont use pipeline, Only one bus is used for both data transfers, older

Harvards:

It has two separated memories, 1 cycle if appropiate pipeling strategies, It has separate data and instruction busses, modern

Enumerate the phases of processor instruction execution.

Instruction fetch,instruction decoding, argument Reading, execution, storing the result, start.

What the general purpose microprocessor is?

Storage memory

What the addressing modes are?

The method of pointing in instruction code the location of the operands and results.Types of the addresing modes: Simple- single-component, Double-component, Multi-component

Enumerate some simple addressing modes.

Immediate, register direct, register indirect,indirect.

What the main memory is?

Semiconductor is responsable for storing: Program during execution,Program data,Program results

What the I/O devices are?

Devices used for infromation Exchange between microcomputer system and:

• Man, user(operator devices),Controlled environment(process devices), Other systems(Communication devices)

What the addres space (memory or peripherial) is?

Is the processor address range for accesses to memory or I/O device.

What the stacsk is (and is used for)?

Stack is a specific data structure, working as LIFO register.Is used for: Expression evaluation, Backtracking, Memory management

What does the abbreviation CISCmean?

Complex Instruction Set Computer

What does the abbreviation RISC mean

Reduced Instruction Set Computer

Enumerate the features of RISCionstruction list.

Access to memory allowed only by MOVE instructions, All operands should be placed in internal processor registers, Minimal number of addressing modes.

What does the abbreviation DSP mean?

Digital Signal Processing

Enumerate the applicayion domains of DSP processors

Control of the inductive motors, Gps, Sound processing, Speech processing, Sound measures, Video processing, Modems, Electric power meters 1-&3-phase.

Enumerate the components of microprocessor systems.

Processor, Programme memory, Data memory, Periphals I/O, Operator devices, Communication devices, Process devices, Secondary memories, Main memory serving devices ,Address decoders, Interrupt controllers, Timers, Real time Clocks, System bus

What the operator devices are?

Operator devices are operator that make posible communication between computer and man. Basic operator devices:Keyboards, Displays, Printers, Monitors, Pointing devices

What the communication device are?

To data Exchange between different systems, some communication devices are as follow: Modem, Router, Hub, Bluetooth etc

What the process devices are?

Are I/O ports dedicated to data acquisition and acting on process

What the single-board microcomputer is?

A single board microcomputer is a microcomputer built on a single board.

What the modular system is?

In which systems component are distributed on few models.

Enumerate the features of modular systems

Few modules with defined functions,Defined parallel system bus, Specific mechanical construction, Easy extended and modified, Easy designing new applications