Mastering Future Tenses and Conditionals in English

BE GOING TO:

• I'm going to join a gym.
• She isn't going to join a gym.
• Are you going to join a gym?

FUTURE SIMPLE:

• I will meet you at the match.
• He won't meet you at the match.
• Will they meet you at the match?
• If we offer you the job, will you accept it?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS:

• I will be studying next week.
• She won't be studying next week.
• Will you be studying next week?

FUTURE PERFECT:

• They will have finished by eight.
• She won't have finished by eight.
• Will you have finished by eight?

First Conditional

If you come early, you might get a parking space.

They won't win unless they score again.

Second Conditional

If I had energy, I could go for a run with you.

I wouldn't be so late for work if I got up earlier.

If you knew his number, would you call him?

Third Conditional

If we had left earlier, we would have been here by now.

You wouldn't have got there on time if I hadn't given you a lift.

If you had written a list, would you have forgotten to buy milk?

Modal Verbs

OBLIGATION: must, have to, has to

ABSENCE OF OBLIGATION: Don't have to, needn't come.

ADVICE: Should learn, ought to find, must see.

PROHIBITION: Mustn't walk, can't come in.

POSSIBILITY: May, might, could be.

CERTAINTY: Must be

CERTAINTY OF NEGATIVE: Can't be

PRESENT ABILITY: Can you...?

PAST ABILITY: Could...

FUTURE ABILITY: Will be able to...

Relative Clauses

• Who, that: for people
• Which, that: for things
• Whose: Possession (cannot be omitted)
• Where: Place
• When: Time
• Why: Reason