Mastering English Grammar: Passive Voice, Clauses & Conditionals

Passive Voice & Quantifiers

Passive Voice

• do → is done
• is doing → is being done
• did → was done
• was doing → was being done
• have done → has been done
• had done → had been done
• will do → will be done
• is going to do → is going to be done

Quantifiers

• Large: a lot of, much (uncountable), many (countable), plenty of
• Small: a few (countable), little (uncountable)
• More or less: too big, too many, enough
• Zero: any, no

Relative Clauses

• that → who/which (ese/que)
• who → people (quien)
• which → things/animal (cual)
• where → places (dónde)
• whose → mean possession (cuyo)

Modals

must have → el conductor se debería haber perdido

might/may have → se debe haber comprado una casa nueva

could have → podrías haber evitado el accidente

should have → debería haberme escuchado

Conditionals

1st Conditional

IF + Present Simple + Will + Infinitive

• If it rains, I won't go to the park.
• She will miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.

2nd Conditional

IF + Past Simple + Would + Infinitive

• If I won ten million dollars, I would give it to my family.
• She would travel all over the world if she was rich.

3rd Conditional

IF + Past Perfect + Would + Have + Past Participle

• If I had known, I wouldn't have asked you.
• The results would have been better if we had worked harder.

Job Application Letter

1st Paragraph

Dear Mr. X,

I am writing to apply for this job/vacancy.

2nd Paragraph

Age, where I live, work experience, languages...

3rd Paragraph

Why I am suitable for the job: I feel I would be suitable for this job because...

4th Paragraph

Thank you for your consideration of my CV. I am hoping to hear from you soon to schedule an interview at your convenience.

Kind regards,

Pepin Pepazos

For and Against Essay

Introduction

The topic on which we are going to argue is about (tema). This topic is quite controversial among people due to its advantages or disadvantages, we will know below. Will the topic have more pros or cons?

Middle

On the one hand, I'd like to outline the advantages of (tema). Those who are in favor claim that (+)

On the other hand, this is several significant drawback topic. Nevertheless (-)

Conclusion

Having looked at both sides of the arguments, I really think that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. To sum up (opinión)

Film Review

Paragraph 1

Type of story, main character... (the film is set in.../the film tells the story of... the film is based on...)

Paragraph 2

Tell the story of the film (indoor)

Paragraph 3

Tell things about the film (outdoor)

Paragraph 4

Recommend it because...

The movie tells the story of Mia, an aspiring actress, and Sebastian, a jazz pianist, whose paths cross in Los Angeles as they pursue their dreams. The film is set in an urban landscape and explores the challenges and sacrifices faced in the pursuit of artistic excellence.

As their lives intertwine, the plot addresses themes of love, ambition, and the tension between following individual dreams and maintaining a relationship. The film not only highlights the beauty of romance, it also examines the obstacles it can produce in the search for personal realization.

This complex narrative is complemented by visually stunning direction and a captivating musical score. This movie beautifully portrays love and chasing your dreams in Los Angeles. The story touches on the balance between personal ambitions and relationships.

In conclusion, it is a charming film that celebrates passion and the fight for dreams.