Mastering English Adjectives and Comparison Rules
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Adjectives: Definition and Usage
Adjectives are words that describe or modify a person, thing, place, or concept in a sentence.
Adjectives are typically placed before the object they modify.
Rules for Multiple Adjectives
- Two Adjectives: If two adjectives describe a noun, use AND to link them.
- Example: Black and white televisions are very old.
- More than Two Adjectives: Use commas between the first adjectives, and then use AND before the last adjective.
- Example: The company seeks intelligent, motivated, and energetic people.
Adjectives do not change form based on the number or gender of the nouns they describe.
Example: Tom bought a used car. (The adjective used describes the kind of car Tom bought.)
Determiners and Articles
Articles (A, AN, THE)
- A: Used when the following word starts with a consonant sound.
- AN: Used when the following word starts with a vowel sound.
- THE: Used for specific nouns (el, la, los, las).
Pronoun Categories
SUBJECT PRONOUN
OBJECT PRONOUN
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE
POSSESSIVE PRONOUN
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
I
me
my
mine
myself
you
you
your
yours
yourself
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
itself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns
- This: Singular, near (one thing).
- These: Plural, near (many things).
- That: Singular, far (one thing).
- Those: Plural, far (many things).
Interrogative Adjectives
An interrogative adjective is used to ask a question.
Example: Whose book is it?
Answers often involve possessive pronouns.
Adjective Placement and Comparisons
Adjective Placement
Before the Noun
- I have brown eyes.
- I have long hair.
After the Verb 'To Be' (Predicative)
- My eyes are brown.
- My hair is long.
Comparative Adjectives (More, -er)
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two items.
- Use -er for short adjectives (one or two syllables).
- Use more for long adjectives (three or more syllables).
Comparative Examples:
- I have longer hair.
- They are funnier.
- Her job is more interesting.
- His eyes are more beautiful.
Comparison Structure: As... As...
Positive Equality
Example: A new cellphone is as good as a computer.
(As... As is used to compare two different objects, stating they are equal in quality, good or bad.)
Negative Equality
Example: A turtle isn't as fast as a rabbit.
Comparisons Using Not
- The pants are just as comfortable as my jeans.
- The pants are not as comfortable as my jeans.
- I don't look as scruffy as I did.
The word THAN is also used for comparisons. Depending on the adjective length, MORE is used before the adjective.
- Example: This coat is nicer than that one.
- Example: Gas is so expensive; I want a more efficient car.