Management: Purpose, Objectives, and Evolution

Purpose and Objectives of Management

The purpose of management is to improve an organization's productive contributions. It is responsible from an ethical, social, and strategic standpoint. An administrative objective is a goal that requires a defined action. Orientation suggests extra effort for a leader.

Purpose of Administration

Achieving common goals through planning, organizing, directing, and controlling activities, and using resources to satisfy the needs of a society.

Importance of Administration

• Basics: Universality, simplification of work, productivity and efficiency, common good.
• It gives effect to human efforts.
• It helps to get the best staff, equipment, materials, money, and human relationships.
• It provides foresight and creativity.
• Continuous improvement is its slogan.

Agustin Reyes Ponce on Management

• It occurs wherever there is an organization.
• The success of a company is due to good administration.
• For big businesses, scientific management is essential.
• For small and medium enterprises, the best way to compete is through the improvement of their management and better coordination with human resources.

Objective Inquiries of Administration

• Administration rate is applied to the company.
• Adequate administration raises productivity.
• Administrative technical efficiency is indisputable and essential.
• In small and medium businesses, a unique opportunity to compete is applying administration.

Administrative Thought Through Time

Ancient Administration

• Egyptians, Hebrews: Decentralization of the organization, recognition of written orders.
• Hammurabi: Written testimonials, established wage control.
• Nebuchadnezzar: Control of production and salary incentives.
• Mencius (Chinese): Recognition of standards.
• Socrates: Recognition of human relationships.
• Cyrus (Persia): Study of demoted material handling.
• Plato: "Principle".

Middle Ages

• Decentralization of government.
• Administrative evolution of ideas was consolidated.
• The Catholic Church, for its unusual organization and operation.
• Lucas Paccioli: Double-entry bookkeeping method.
• Francesco di Marco: Accounting practices.
• Soranzo Brothers: Use of journal and ledger.
• Arsenal of Venice: Cost accounting and inventory control.

Modern Age

• Cameralistic Austria: Administrative movement, emphasized certain principles, selected administrative and personnel training, specialization in functions, and establishment of administrative controls.

Contemporary Age

• Scientific Administration (Taylor): In the early twentieth century, the science of administrative theory arose: scientific administration, bureaucratic theory, classical, structuralist human relations, systems, neoclassical, behavioral, organizational contingency.