Linguistic Analysis of Journalistic Text Features

Analyzing Textual and Communicative Elements

Structure

Regarding the external structure, the text presents a title, followed by two paragraphs expressing the main ideas, and concludes with the name of the author and the newspaper (________) from which the text is sourced.

The internal structure follows the typical pattern of: Introduction, Development, and Conclusion (Intr.-Desenv.-Conc.).

Furthermore, the structural organization (Estr.) can be classified as: Analytical, Synthetic, Enclosing, or Linear (Ana.-Syn.-Enc.-Lin.).

Finally, concerning the thematic progression, it can be described as linear or constant (relevant for the Thematic Area, TMA).

Scope of Use

The scope of use for this text is public communication, as it establishes a specific Thematic Area (TMA) within a formal context. It is directed toward a plural and diverse audience with different types of intentions.

The text attempts to convince the reader, inform them about reality, and raise awareness. Therefore, this text is specifically classified as a journalistic opinion article.

Communication Channel

The prepared text belongs to the periodical (________). The transmitter (author) and the receiver (reader) do not share the space or time of utterance.

The communication is multidirectional, as it is written by one author for multiple readers. When the text is read, the communication becomes unilateral: the transmitter is always the author, and the receiver (the reader) never acts as the transmitter.

Contextual Fit (Fitness)

Several factors define the contextual fit:

• The channel is written, unilateral, and unidirectional.
• It belongs to the field of journalism.
• It operates at an intermediate level.
• The primary intention is persuasive.

Deixis

Deixis involves linguistic markers that refer to the communicative context:

• Personal Deixis: Refers to the transmitter.
• Social Deixis: Refers to the receiver.
• Spatial Deixis: Refers to space.
• Temporal Deixis: Refers to time.

Typology, Variety, and Intention

Typology is related to linguistic variety and communicative intention. The purpose of the text is to convey information and convince the reader. This argumentative function utilizes a standard register and, consequently, an average degree of formality.

Voices of Discourse

We must distinguish between the type of author and the type of reader, and analyze the participants in the communication:

• Sender/Receiver Markers: Indicated by pronouns, verbs, and determiners of the 1st or 2nd person.
• Modalization: The issuer's rating, indicating subjectivity.
• Impersonal Forms: Used when seeking objectivity.
• Intertextuality: Reference made to another text or author.

Sentence Types (Modality)

The text may employ various sentence types:

• Enunciative
• Exclamative
• Desiderative
• Tentative
• Interrogative (Total or Partial)
• Imperative

Linguistic Functions

The text utilizes several linguistic functions:

• Representative (Referential)
• Emotive (Expressive)
• Conative (Appellative)
• Poetic
• Phatic
• Metalinguistic

Linguistic Variety Dimensions

Linguistic variety is analyzed across several dimensions:

• Diachronic: (Note: The original text suggests this is a legislative text.)
• Diatopic: Geographical variation (e.g., Eastern or Western dialect).
• Diastratic: Social variation (sociolects: urban or rural, high or low class, young or adult).
• Diaphasic: Contextual variation, depending on the scope or register used.

Standard Register

The Standard Register is a variety whose features transcend social, geographical, or generational boundaries. The standard is a supradialectal variety and should not be confused with any particular dialect. It facilitates intercommunication among all speakers.