Law 19983 on

Machiavelli (1469-1527)

It is a Renaissance man as having a Renaissance mentality.

Works: "The Prince", "Discourses on Livy's first decade."

Political circumstances of his day, begin to form the first national States: France, Castile, England, but Italy (divided into several kingdoms and republics). Machiavelli seek independence and the city of Italy and expel the barbarians, but to no avail.

Major political ideas has brought us:

Notion of state, sovereign political organization of territory. However confused the figure of the prince of the state.

Empiricism: A method of work based on facts,

Reason of State: the state pursues its own ends (retained and expanded) so policy is independent of any other purposes. The policy is governed by the principle of effectiveness (as M), for the prince reaches its end there is no way other than honorable.

Universal egoism: pessimistic view of human beings. If there is a strong power that contains the man (absolute power) was chaos.

Sovereign Legislator: Prince (legislature) can legislate everything, because for Machiavelli the most important was to ensure order. Today it is not possible.

Machiavelli thought that once established and guaranteed power order, would the Republic.

Bodin: (1530-1595) French.

His time: there were constant religious strife between Catholics and Protestants that threatened to destroy the integrity of France. In 1572 was the Massacre of St. Barnabas night.

Artwork: "The six books of the Republic" 1576. The purpose of the project is to provide stability to the French State. Believes that the King should be above the religious strife. You should not take sides with any.

Policy Idea:

Republic = State: it is the right government of family and what they have in common with sovereign power.

Sovereignty: 1 is the supreme power between citizens and subjects. Not subject to layes. 2 is the absolute and perpetual power of a republic (state). - Features:

Perpetual power: power is not subject to time constraints it is not derived from any other.

Is absolute, not subject to legal limits: Rex est legitus sdutus. The King is not under its own law.

Limits of sovereignty: it is a contradiction.

Natural rights

You have to respect certain laws: those that dominate the public domain, the laws of succession to the crown.