Late Middle Ages Crises, Black Death, and Gothic Architecture

Causes of Crises in 14th-Century Europe

Causes of crises:

In the 14th century, Europe suffered various crises: there was an economic crisis due to a period of bad harvests, which caused terrible famine and therefore an increase in mortality. There were various epidemics; the most serious was the Black Death.

Mendicant Religious Orders

What were the mendicant religious orders?

At the beginning of the 13th century, the first mendicant religious orders appeared: Franciscans and Dominicans.

Parliaments or Cortes

What were the parliaments or cortes?

Medieval kings tried to impose their authority over the feudal lords. One of the instruments they used to do this was the cortes or parliaments.

Changes in the King's Authority

What were the changes in the king's authority during the Late Middle Ages?

No answer was provided in the original text.

City Government and Social Groups

What were the social groups who controlled the government of the cities?

Medieval cities were subject to the authority of the feudal lord who controlled the land on which the city was built. The inhabitants of the cities did not approve of this situation and demanded greater autonomy.

True or False

• Medieval craftworkers were organized together into guilds. True
• The three-field crop rotation and the Roman plough were technological innovations introduced in farming during the Late Middle Ages. True

Black Death: Complete the Sentences

• The cause of the plague was rats and fleas.
• A person infected with the plague had various symptoms.
• Death from the plague happened after several weeks.
• The plague killed many people in Asia and Europe.
• A victim's face turned black before they died.

Características de la arquitectura gótica

¿Cuáles son las principales características de la arquitectura gótica?

• Empieza en el siglo XII y acaba en el siglo XV.
• El estilo gótico se extiende por toda Europa y surge en París.
• Se desarrolla en la ciudad y existe una arquitectura civil (palacios, ayuntamientos y lonjas) y religiosa (catedrales e iglesias).
• Planta de cruz latina.
• Nuevos elementos constructivos: arco ojival, bóveda de crucería, arbotantes, chapiteles y pináculos.
• Verticalidad y luminosidad: vidrieras.

Origen y causas sociales

¿Este arte se desarrolla a partir de:

La prosperidad de la burguesía, por la acumulación de capital, que hace que se pueda hacer frente a estos costes.

Diferencias con el arte románico

¿En qué se diferencia del arte románico?

En el románico solo había edificios religiosos.