Key Principles of Lutheranism, Anglicanism, and Calvinism
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Lutheranism
The Lutheran doctrine was based on a number of basic principles:
- Salvation by faith and not by deeds
- Defence of a universal priesthood
- Belief that the Bible was the only source of truth
- Reduction of baptismal and Eucharist sacraments
- Refusal to worship the Virgin and saints
Anglicanism
King Henry VIII of England separated from the Pope because he refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragón. The Act of Supremacy was passed in 1534, declaring him the leader of the Church of England.
Calvinism
It arose in Switzerland under the guidance of John Calvin, who added the doctrine of predestination to Lutheranism. This claimed that people were predestined at birth and had to honor this divine grace through hard work and a strict morality.