Key Political and Social Concepts Defined

The State

The State is a political concept referring to a sovereign and coercive social organization, consisting of a set of involuntary institutions that possess the power to regulate national life within a particular territory.

Nation

The term nation has two primary meanings:

• Political Nation: Within the legal-political sphere, this is the political subject where the constituent sovereignty of a State resides.
• Cultural Nation: A more subjective and ambiguous concept, it can be broadly defined as a human community sharing certain common cultural features, which fosters an ethical-political sense.

Broadly speaking, nation is used with various meanings, including State, country, territory, population, ethnicity, or people.

Territory

Territory (from the word "terra" meaning land) refers to a defined area (including land and water) often considered the possession of a person, organization, institution, State, or country.

Government

In general, the government comprises the authorities who manage, supervise, and administer State institutions, driving policy or exercising the general power of the State.

Society

Society is the set of individuals who share a culture, interact, and relate cooperatively to form a group or community.

Family

The family is the nucleus or epicenter of a society or country. Therefore, it must not be abused, raped, enslaved, ignored due to skin color, exiled based on origins or religious principles, nor should it be hated for its location or presence in the world.

Individual

The term Individual identifies what cannot be divided. An individual is the basic unit of a larger or more complex system.

Cultural Historical Tradition

This is not merely a branch of history but rather a historiographical current. It became commonly used starting in the 1970s, particularly in defining the work of Anglophone (English and American) and French historians. Historians of the Hispanic tradition soon adopted these methods, as ideas from Ortega y Gasset were more common for studying ideas and cultural traditions in different Hispanic countries. Cultural history combines approaches from anthropology and history to study popular culture traditions or cultural interpretations of historical experience.