Key Plant Cell Terms: A Comprehensive Glossary
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Key Plant Cell Terms: A Comprehensive Glossary
Amyloplast
Amyloplasts are non-pigmented organelles found in some plant cells. They are responsible for the synthesis and storage of starch granules through the polymerization of glucose. Amyloplasts also convert this starch back into sugar when the plant needs energy.
Cell Wall
The cell wall is a tough, usually flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds certain types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, in addition to acting as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to act as a pressure vessel, preventing over-expansion when water enters the cell.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long, linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes.
Cell
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.
Chromoplast
Chromoplasts are plastids, heterogeneous organelles responsible for pigment synthesis and storage in specific photosynthetic eukaryotes.
Cell
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.
Epidermal Cell
An epidermal cell is a single-layered group of cells that covers plants' leaves, flowers, roots, and stems. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment. The epidermis serves several functions: it protects against water loss, regulates gas exchange, secretes metabolic compounds, and (especially in roots) absorbs water and mineral nutrients.
Stoma
A stoma is a pore found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs that is used to control gas exchange. The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells that are responsible for regulating the size of the opening.
Trichomes (Unbranched Multicellular Hairs)
Trichomes are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants and certain protists. These are of diverse structure and function.
Gandary Cell
This is for essence.
Xylem
Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants (phloem is the other).
Cell
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.
Chloroplast
A chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells and some other eukaryotic organisms. As well as conducting photosynthesis, they carry out almost all fatty acid synthesis in plants and are involved in a plant's immune response. A chloroplast is a type of plastid that specializes in photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts capture the sun's light energy.
Cell
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.