Key Historical Concepts: Definitions and Significance
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Key Historical Concepts
Antisemitism
Doctrine advocating rejection of all that has to do with Jews, including their race, culture, and social influence.Final Solution
Hitler's decision during World War II to deport all Jews and Roma from Germany and conquered countries to death camps.New Deal
A program that imposed greater state intervention in the economy.Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Land distribution to poor farmers without compensation to former owners, and recognition of minority rights.Spirit of Locarno
Created a sense of euphoria that extended to other areas of life, such as the economy and society.Rural Exodus
Migration from the countryside to cities in search of better living conditions.Division of Powers
A political system that defends the existence of three major powers: legislative, executive, and judicial.Free Trade
Foreign trade conducted without state protection of domestic products or border taxes.Charter
A document granted by the king recognizing certain rights to the population.Economic Liberalism
An economic system characterized by economic freedom, governed by the law of supply and demand, as proposed by Adam Smith.National Sovereignty
Power resides in the people, who must have a constitution and the right to vote.Decree of New Plant
A decree nullifying the charters and constitutions of the kingdoms of Aragon, Catalonia, and Valencia, imposing a centralist political system.Physiocracy
An economic system in which agriculture is the backbone of a developed country's economy, as advocated by Quesnay.Enlightened Absolutism
A political concept where absolute monarchs agree with the ideas of the Enlightenment.Enlightenment
An intellectual movement that originated in England in the 17th century.Colbertism
An economic theory based on the idea that global wealth is fixed, following the discovery of gold and silver, with the goal of maximizing wealth, devised by Colbert.