Key Concepts in Society, Politics, and State Theory
Classified in Philosophy and ethics
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Define the word 'society'.
Answer: A group of human beings who collectively pursue shared goals through common means and coexistence.
What is meant by 'politics'?
Answer: Throughout human history, groups have been linked by fundamental political structures, inevitably involving the presence of law, from primitive forms to the modern state.
Describe what is meant by 'legal order'.
Answer: Three constitutions regulate the basic progress of the Mexican state: the constitutions of 1824, 1857, and 1917. The current state is restructured based on the 1917 constitution and its reforms.
What is the purpose of state theory?
Answer: It aims to investigate the specific circumstances of state life around us.
Name the first constitution that took effect in New Spain.
Answer: The Cadiz Constitution of 1812, also known as the Spanish Constitution of 1812.
Which constitution gave birth to the Mexican state?
Answer: The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States, 1824.
Author of the book The Prince.
Answer: Niccolo Machiavelli.
Author of the book The Spirit of the Laws.
Answer: Baron de Montesquieu.
What is the origin of political science?
Answer: Political science as a scientific study emerged with Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) and his work, The Prince. Before Machiavelli, politics was considered a branch of philosophy, art, religion, and law.
Who were the thinkers, politicians, and philosophers who wrote classics linked with political science and theory of the state?
Answer: Over the centuries, classics were written by Cicero, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, and Niccolo Machiavelli.
Describe what is meant by idealist political theory about the state.
Answer: It is based on the theory of how the State should be. This trend is manifested in conceptions of what the State should be, and its field of operation is state ethics.
Describe what is meant by realist political theory about the state.
Answer: It is based on realistic events such as the State. It aims primarily at developing a general concept of the state.
Where is the source of political science?
Answer: The origins are located in ancient Greece and India. It has a clear set of antecedents such as ethics, political philosophy, political economy, history, and other fields related to policy determinations.