Key Concepts in International Organizations and European Integration

International Organizations and European Integration: Essential Facts

Most Important Treaties for European Integration

The following treaties allowed for the gradual deepening of the European integration process:

• Treaty of Paris (1952): Established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).
• Treaties of Rome (1957): Established the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom).
• Single European Act (1986): Launched the Single Market.
• Maastricht Treaty on European Union (1992): Established the European Union (based on three pillars).
• Treaty of Amsterdam (1997): Authorized further enlargement.
• Treaty of Lisbon (2009): Authorized constitutional changes.

Composition of the European Council and its President

The European Council is composed of:

• Heads of state or government of the member states.
• The President of the European Council.
• The President of the Commission.

Its current president (at the time of this document) was Donald Tusk.

The Two Banks of the European Union

The two primary banks of the European Union are:

1. The European Central Bank (ECB).
2. The European Investment Bank (EIB).

Characteristics of the “ASEAN-Way”

The general characteristics of the “ASEAN-way” as a modus operandi for regionalism in Asia include:

• Use of a unanimous voting system (no majority), meaning decision-making is based on consensus.
• An articulated organizational structure that involves a set of overlapping regional constructions.
• A strong emphasis on process rather than substance.

Dependency Theory View on MNCs and International Banks

Dependency theorists viewed the role of multinational corporations (MNCs) and international banks in developing countries as follows:

They are seen as helping to establish and maintain dependency relations. MNCs are considered instruments of capitalist exploitation and mechanisms of domination that perpetuate underdevelopment.

Classification of Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)

Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) can be classified based on geographic scope and purpose. Examples include:

• Global Scope: United Nations (UN)
• Regional Scope: European Union (EU)
• Regional Scope (Specific Focus): ASEAN

Note: The provided examples illustrate different levels of comprehension and scope.

Chapter VI of the UN Charter

Chapter VI of the UN Charter outlines the peaceful settlement of disputes, through methods such as negotiation, arbitration, and mediation.

Commonality Among U Thant, Kurt Waldheim, and Javier Pérez de Cuéllar

They were all former UN Secretary-Generals during the period spanning the 1960s to the 1990s.

Regions Represented at the OSCE

The regions represented at the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) are:

• North America
• Europe
• Central Asia

Anniversary Celebrated in Rome (March 25, 2017)

The anniversary celebrated in Rome on March 25, 2017, was the 60th anniversary of the Rome Treaties.