Justice System Vocabulary and Grammar
Classified in Spanish
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Crime and Justice
Vocabulary
- Arrest
- Break the law
- Commit a crime
- Do community service
- Get away with (escape with)
- Get carried away (become enthusiastic, let oneself go)
- Give a sentence
- Go to court
- Go to prison
- Pay a fine
- Punish (sanction/penalize)
- Spend time in prison
- Treat fairly
People
- Criminal
- Judge
- Offender
- Victim
- Witness
Idioms
- Be above board (be honest and legal)
- Catch someone red-handed (catch someone in the act)
- Face the music (accept the consequences)
- Get to the bottom of (discover the truth)
- Keep your nose clean (stay out of trouble)
- Step out of line (disobey or fail to follow rules)
Phrasal Verbs
- Bring in (introduce)
- Cover up (conceal)
- Found out (discover)
- Let on (reveal information)
- Own up to (confess, admit)
- Set up (trap)
- Stamp out (eliminate)
- Stand up to (confront)
Word Formation
- Assist > Assistance (help)
- Contaminate > Contamination
- Discover > Discovery
- Disturb > Disturbance
- Enquire > Enquiry (investigation)
- Establish > Establishment
- Examine > Examination
- Imprison > Imprisonment
- Interfere > Interference
- Offend > Offence (attack)
- Remove > Removal (move, transfer)
- Try > Trial
Modal Verbs
Ability
- Can, could, be able to (ability, aptitude)
Permission
- Can, could (general permissions in the past)
- May (possibility: only with I or We)
- Be allowed to (particular permissions in the past)
Advice
- Should, ought to
Possibility
- May (maybe), might, could (present or future)
Obligation
- Must, have to, need to
Lack of Obligation
- Needn't (without TO in negative/-/?), don't have to
Prohibition
- Mustn't
Perfect Modals (All Past)
- Alternatives/Suggestions: could have, might have
- Possibility: might have, may have, could have
- Logical Deductions: must have
- Impossibility: couldn't have, can't have
- Opinion: should have, ought to have
- Regret or Criticism: shouldn't have
- Something done but not necessary: needn't have
- Something not done because it wasn't necessary: didn't need to