Juan Ramón Jiménez: Modernism to Vanguard Poetry

Juan Ramón Jiménez (JJR): His Onuvense character and melancholic style exemplify a path from modernism to poetic vanguardism. He died in exile and won the Nobel Prize in three stages, beginning in 1956. His poetry includes sentimental, romantic, and intimate pieces, as well as 'Diary of a Newlywed Poet'. As an intellectual, he sought the ultimate maxima and purification of transcendence, reflecting on death, transition, and eternity. Every effort was like that of a silversmith.

The second stage of his generation, the '27 group, shared intellectual concerns, influenced by figures like Salinas, Guillén, and Gerardo Diego, who had contact with JJR. The poetry of popular features unites them with Alberti, Lorca, Cernuda, García Pradovicnte, and Altolaguirre. Dámaso Alonso was a key figure of this generation. Each explored their own themes of death, love, intimacy, and social concerns.

Pedro Salinas: Future and Love

Pedro Salinas explored the future and the new inventions of love, expressing sentiment and life through his voice.

Jorge Guillén: A Unified Work

Jorge Guillén conceived his works as a whole, composed of three books that celebrate, sing, cry, and express love and enthusiasm. His work reflects the influence of San Juan de la Cruz, protesting against world events and dedicating poems to notable figures.

Vicente Aleixandre: Communication Through Poetry

Vicente Aleixandre believed that poetry is like communication. His work can be divided into three stages: communication with nature, human love, and collected poems of surrealist character, concerning history, poetry, and self-consummation.

Federico García Lorca: Symbolism and Tragedy

Lorca's poems are symbolic and universal, structured around the tragic destiny of the human being. His work can be divided into two periods: until 1928, popular and traditional poetry, including 'Romancero Gitano'; and from his death in August 1929 to New York in 1936, representing surrealism and offering a negative, dehumanized view of the world.

Rafael Alberti: Tradition and Avant-Garde

Alberti combined avant-garde and traditional elements, like Lorca, developing a path between the two. His poetry recalls Góngora, reflecting on exile and longing.

Luis Cernuda: Intimacy and Surrealism

Cernuda's work is the most intimate, reflecting pain and surrealist influences. His works develop his writing within the creationist movement.

Dámaso Alonso: The Children of Wrath

Dámaso Alonso, director of the Royal Spanish Academy, represented his era in Spain with works like 'The Children of Wrath'.