A Journey Through Children's Literature: History, Genres, and Authors
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1. Main Genres of Literature
Name the 3 main genres of literature in general
Poetry, Drama, and Fiction (or Prose).
2. Defining Children's Literature
Define children’s literature in your own words.
Children’s literature typically consists of short stories that are appropriate for children in terms of emotional and moral value.
3. Children's Literature Sub-Genres and Examples
Adventure: Robinson Crusoe
Toy: Winnie-the-Pooh
Fantasy: The Hobbit
4. What is a Fable?
Fables are humorous short stories featuring animals as main characters, each conveying a particular moral lesson. Aesop, who lived around the 6th century BC, is credited with writing many well-known fables.
5. The Works of James Janeway
James Janeway wrote A Token for Children in 1671 (not 1692). This book aimed to provide examples from the lives and "joyful deaths" of children, intending to teach readers how to avoid Hell and attain Heaven.
6. 16th-Century Nursery Rhyme
Hey Diddle Diddle
7. John Locke's Influence on Education
John Locke, in his 1693 essay "Some Thoughts Concerning Education," promoted the idea that instruction could be enjoyable.
8. Chapbooks vs. Hornbooks
Chapbooks, intended for entertainment, were cheaper than hornbooks and made from paper. Hornbooks, on the other hand, were educational tools typically made from a leaf or page protected by a sheet of transparent horn. They displayed the alphabet, religious materials, and other educational content.
9. The Birth of Children's Literature
A Little Pretty Pocket-Book by John Newbery, published in 1744, is considered a landmark work marking the birth of children's literature as a distinct genre.
10. Robinson Crusoe's Author and Publication Date
Daniel Defoe authored Robinson Crusoe, which was published in 1719.
11. Shakespeare for Children
Siblings Mary and Charles Lamb wrote Tales from Shakespeare, adapting Shakespeare's plays into stories accessible to younger audiences.
12. Transition to the Golden Age of Children's Literature
A key factor in the transition to the Golden Age of Children's Literature was the changing perception of childhood and the recognition of children's unique needs and interests.
13. Authors and Works of the First Golden Age
Beatrix Potter: The Tale of Peter Rabbit (1902)
Lewis Carroll: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865)
Charles Dickens: David Copperfield (1850)
14. World War I's Impact on Art
World War I marked the end of a certain innocence and led to the emergence of avant-garde movements like Futurism, Dadaism, and Surrealism, reflecting the disillusionment and societal changes of the time.
15. Enid Blyton's Success
Enid Blyton's commercial success in the 1930s and 1940s stemmed from her ability to create relatable characters and immersive worlds that appealed to children.
16. J.R.R. Tolkien's Literary Period
J.R.R. Tolkien is widely recognized as a prominent author of fantasy fiction.
17. Alternative Worlds in Fantasy Fiction
Middle-earth, as depicted in The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, is a prime example of an alternative world commonly found in fantasy fiction.