Introduction to Genetics
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- In DNA structure, A always pairs with T. TRUE
- In DNA structure, cytosine always pairs with adenine. FALSE
- How many stop codons are there in the genetic code? 3
- In the genetic code, how many start codons are there? 1
- In the genetic code, how many naturally occurring amino acids are there? 20
- Dominant genes are about three times more common than recessive genes. FALSE
- In this class, Peigler's policy on handheld devices is that they should be turned off and kept out of easy reach. TRUE
- The traits we studied in the ear of corn were: seed color and plumpness
- If you cross a white mouse and a black mouse and get gray mice, this is an example of: incomplete dominance
- Which of the following genotypes is called homozygous dominant? BB
- Gregor Mendel was a monk best known for working with: peas
- Gregor Mendel made important initial discoveries about heredity because he: was trained in mathematics and laws of probability.
- Rosalind Franklin helped elucidate the structure of DNA by providing X-ray images of the DNA molecules.
The DNA molecule is most often described as being a: double helix
- Heterozygous condition was called a: carrier
- Two blue flowers: white flowers FALSE
- Two white flowers: blue flowers FALSE
- Two blue flowers: both blue and white flowers TRUE
- Two white flowers: both blue and white flowers TRUE
- You can cross two blue flowers and get a phenotypic ratio different from the genotypic ratio. TRUE
- A test cross is performed to determine the genotype of one of the parents.
- Sickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive gene in the homozygous state.
- Which of these crosses will produce only heterozygous offspring? DD x dd
- In the corn that we counted in the lab, the phenotypic ratio was 9:3:3:1
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: produces new membranes and secretes proteins, contains many ribosomes.
- Golgi apparatus: refines, stores, and ships materials within the cell.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: synthesizes lipids, detoxifies poisons, has no ribosomes.
- Ribosomes: tiny specks in the cell responsible for protein synthesis.
- Mitochondrion: site of cellular respiration and makes ATP.
1. Nucleus: has all the genetic material
2. Cytoskeleton: maintains cell shape, holds everything inside
3. Plasma membrane: keeps things from going out. Separates living cells from its surroundings.- Watson and Crick: the researchers who discovered the structure of DNA in 1953.
- It is not recommended that first cousins marry and have kids: lethal genes might be expressed.
- Dominant genes for a particular allele in a population might be equally common as the recessive allele of the same gene.