Industrial Revolution and New Social Classes

Debido a la Revolución Francesa e Industrial se creó una nueva clase social, la Class-based Society, que estaba formada por la alta burguesía y the birth of the working class.

Industrial Revolution

Fue originada en Great Britain en 1750.

Cambió la economía del país; la agricultura se hizo menos importante y la industria más.

Causes

• Crecimiento de la población

  Se necesitaba más comida pero había más trabajadores, así que se producía mucho más.

• Mejoras de la agricultura

  Había campos más grandes.

  Aparecieron nuevas máquinas y fertilizantes.

• Increased trade
• Technological progress

  The invention of new machines enabled factories to produce goods more quickly. Prices decreased.

• Financial support from agriculture and trade

  In Great Britain, agriculture and commercial activities produced capital that could be invested in industry.

• Favorable political and social structure

  Great Britain's parliamentary system allowed the bourgeoisie to participate in government.

Key Elements of Industrialization

• The textile industry

  Technological innovations such as spinning and weaving machines increased cotton production.

• Iron and steel production

  Thanks to new technologies such as the Bessemer Converter, foundries could make more steel and iron of better quality.

• Transport

  The invention of the steam locomotive (Trevithick 1804) made it possible to transport a lot of goods more quickly.

Industrialization in Europe

1. Great Britain, 2. Germany and Belgium.

This expansion took place in these countries because they had:

• A lot of iron and steel.
• Population demanded more goods.
• Because they had the country connected by railways.

Industrialization in Spain

It took place later and more slowly because:

• Limited amount of coal.
• Less technological advancement.

Types of Industries in Spain

• Cotton: Catalonia.
• Metallurgical: Asturias, Vizcaya.

18th Century Contributing Phenomena

• Economic liberalism.
• Industrial liberalism.

Social Classes

The Upper Class

• Nobility.
• Bourgeois capitalists.

The Middle Class

• Civil servants, lawyers, and doctors.
• Small farmers, merchants, and artisans.

The Working Class

• Tenant farmers and agricultural laborers.