Image Culture: Icons, Framing, and Visual Impact
Classified in Arts and Humanities
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Image Culture
Icons attempt to replace words, offering advantages like overcoming language barriers and aiding illiterate societies. However, they can be non-obvious, create visual noise, and introduce sexism. Sometimes, icons are accompanied by written explanations.
Images can replace the objects they represent. Today, images are central to communication, replacing text in public spaces. This leads to a culture of the image and a new functional illiteracy where literate individuals struggle with simple texts.
Image Analysis
Image comes from Latin imago (representation, portrait) and Greek eikon (icon). Images represent something concrete through various techniques. We distinguish between fixed and moving images. Iconicity is the similarity between an image and reality. Images have meaning and significance.
Framing Techniques
Framing fragments and selects reality, showing a specific part from a certain angle.
- Spatial Framing: Presents space with reference to figures, objects, or monuments. Common in film.
Shot Types
- Long Shots: Emphasize environment, providing context.
- Medium Shots: Balance space and objects, similar to human vision.
- Close-ups: Focus on details, highly expressive.
Camera Angles
- Normal Angle: Observer's height.
- High Angle (Picado): Makes subjects appear weaker.
- Low Angle (Contrapicado): Makes subjects appear powerful.
Light and Color
Light highlights volumes, colors, and contrasts, creating shadows and altering perceptions of shapes and sizes.
Color is subjective. Warm colors (red, orange, yellow) evoke well-being and optimism. Cool colors (green, blue) evoke pessimism and tranquility.