Humanism, Renaissance, Baroque, Enlightenment: Literary Movements

Humanism (XIV Century)

Humanism showed fascination with the classics (Greek and Latin) and began to recover the works of Plato, Ovid, Horace, Aristotle, Cicero, and to learn their languages.

Humanism is the current that recovers classical literature and its languages of scripture: Greek and Latin.

Bernat Metge wrote any work in Latin.

Humanism is the linguistic and literary period that marks the step from the Middle Ages to the Modern Age.

Renaissance (XIV Century - Mid Century)

It was believed that the Roman Empire marked the collapse of a hegemonic culture with the arrival of the barbarians. Recovering culture arises at all levels.

They see the culture of the time as a dark and barbaric Medieval thing and do not recognize themselves in it. So says Renaissance (over Medieval E. Greco Latin culture has existed and returns to life in the XIV century).

In architecture, the influence of the Gothic style is left behind, and there is a return to classicism, and classical symmetry is embraced.

But attempts to imitate classical models are based on overcoming them.

Religion: They see humans as the center of the universe (anthropocentrism)

Erasmus: A theologian who fought to change the structure of the church.

The diffusion of works was greatly aided by Gutenberg's printing press. In 1453, the first printed book was his invention: the Bible in Latin. Before that, manuscripts were used.

Printing allows for control over publications and is part of church censorship.

Peter Seraph

Adapted the sonnet form created by the humanist Petrarch. (Wanting revenge so great crudeness love ..)

Cri DESPUIG

Los Col·loquis de la insigne ciutat de Tortosa (tragedy, comedy, dialogue)

Baroque (XVII Century)

Conceptual Level

Baroque authors are pessimistic, considering the world a theater and everything is deception (people are not what they seem, nor are things). The only real thing is death.

Many works were focused not on discovering the essence of truth but on knowing disillusionment.

Aesthetic Level

The author uses deception in works to beautify them and conceal the rawness. They use figures of speech; the most commonly used are:

• Metaphor: Substitution of one term for another because there is another assembler.
• Allegory: Extended metaphor.
• Hyperbole: Exaggeration.
• Hyperbaton: Alteration of the usual syntactical order.

The figures are named rhetorical, with more significant characteristics.

Francesc Vicent Garcia

(Rector of Vallfogona) (compare his love to a major storm)

Francesc Fontanella

The pastoral tragicomedy of love and firmesa porfia / disillusion him.

Enlightenment and Neoclassicism (XVIII Century)

The Enlightenment brings advances such as rational thought in philosophy (Isaac Newton, Voltaire, Jean Jacques).

Encyclopédie Française is a prominent advance of the Enlightenment.

Neoclassicism: retrieves Greek and Latin authors (Aristotle, Horace, Cicero). Neoclassicism opposed to Baroque and emphasizes the teaching of MDA and the use of rhetoric, which is a discipline that elaborates strategies to persuade. Cicero was the greatest exponent of the doctrine in the classical era.

The tragedy will resume, Shakespeare and settled 5 scenes of 3 minutes each.

Joan Ramis

Lucretia

Romancer: collection of poems and songs.

Popular songs: Very old collection of songs of different origins.

Outlaw: set of thieves who robbed the rich to give to the poor.

Starter or comedy sketches: short dramatic piece, one-act, like a comic or burlesque.