Human Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Heart Anatomy
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1. Characteristics of Blood Vessels
- Direction of flow:
- Arteries: Away from the heart
- Veins: Towards the heart
- Capillaries: Between arteries and veins
- Presence of valves:
- Arteries: Absent
- Veins: Present
- Capillaries: Absent
- Thickness of walls:
- Arteries: Thick
- Veins: Thin
- Capillaries: Very thin
- Pressure of blood flowing inside:
- Arteries: High
- Veins: Low
- Capillaries: Low
- Exchange of materials:
- Arteries: Does not take place
- Veins: Does not take place
- Capillaries: Takes place
2. Labeling the Parts of the Heart
- A: Left ventricle
- B: Left atrioventricular (Bicuspid) valve
- C: Aortic semilunar valve
- D: Left atrium
- E: Pulmonary veins
- F: Left pulmonary artery
- G: Aorta
- H: Superior vena cava
- J: Pulmonary semilunar valve
- K: Right atrium
- L: Right atrioventricular (Tricuspid) valve
- M: Right ventricle
- N: Inferior vena cava
3. Cardiovascular System Review
- Name the main blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to the whole body: Aorta
- What is the name of the wall separating the right and left side of the heart? Septum
- Name the valve that separates the upper and lower chambers of the right side of the heart: Tricuspid valve
- Name the valve that separates the upper and lower chambers of the left side of the heart: Bicuspid valve
- Name the blood vessels that bring blood from the body to the right side of the heart: Superior and Inferior vena cava
- Which vessel brings blood to the left side of the heart? Pulmonary veins
- Which vessel brings blood from the heart to the lungs? Pulmonary artery
- The role of the tricuspid valve is: To prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium
- The role of the bicuspid valve is: To prevent backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium
- Blood in the pulmonary circuit gives up Carbon dioxide and picks up Oxygen
- Blood in the systemic circuit gives up Oxygen and picks up Carbon dioxide
4. Blood Flow: Right Side of the Heart
Superior and inferior vena cava → Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary semilunar valve → Pulmonary artery → Lungs
5. Blood Flow: Left Side of the Heart
Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Bicuspid valve → Left ventricle → Aortic semilunar valve → Aorta