Hiking and Orientation: Techniques and Benefits

Orientation Map

An orientation map is a flat representation of concrete, fixed, and durable elements that exist on the soil surface.

Map Compiled by Reports

Reports about terrain features, determine angles, calculate the distance between two points, and define the height and slope.

Walking

Walking is a non-competitive sport. It involves touring various rural areas or mountains on marked paths, preferably traditional ones, recovering the way of the communication system.

Goal of Walking

• Practice a healthy activity and be in contact with nature.
• Enjoy the environment.
• Escape the hustle and bustle.
• Discover the flora and fauna.

Types of Paths

The long-distance paths, GR (Grand Randonnée), are long hiking trails over 50 kilometers. Small tour paths, PR (Petite Randonnée), are between 10 and 50 kilometers.

The Compass

It is a very simple device that, based on the magnetic properties of the Earth, points to the magnetic north.

Four Most Important Elements

• The arrow of address
• Limbo
• North-south lines
• The magnetic needle

Use of the Compass

• Orient the map
• Select a course
• Stay the course

Planning of Itineraries

Before

• Collect information on the route.
• Choose an activity or path for the group.
• Conduct the path first.
• Manage permits and insurance.
• Manage transportation.
• Develop a budget for activities.
• Prepare necessary materials.

During

• Inform the group of basic rules before departure.
• Distribute travel maps to each member of the group.
• Control and distribute the group.
• Maintain communication between guides.
• Walk steadily with pauses.
• Drink or eat at marked stops.
• Inform the group about all aspects of the route.

Benefits of Walking

Psychological benefits, physical benefits.

Climbing a Slope

• Walk with short steps.
• Move diagonally.
• Keep upright with the weight.
• Choose the simpler path.

Down-Sloping Terrain

• Walk with longer steps.
• If going down a steep slope, keep upright with shoulders leaning forward.
• Orient toward the slope.
• Bend your knees.

Crossing a River

• Choose the most suitable place to ford.
• Check the depth.
• It is undesirable to wade with shoes.
• Loosen the straps of the backpack.