A Guide to English Grammar: Present Perfect and Continuous, Vocabulary, and Phrasal Verbs

He/She/It + Has + past participle or 3^rd column

Hasn't worked

               Been

Has … worked?

               Been?

VERBS IN 3^RD COLUMN

Be – Been                           Say – Said                           Go - Gone

Buy - Bought                     See – Seen                        Hear - Heard

Come – Came                   Sing – Sung                        Lose - Lost

Do – Done                          Sit – Sat                               Make - Made

Eat – Eaten                        Spend – Spent                 Meet - Met

Find – Found                     Take – Taken                    Put - Put

Get – Got                           Thing – Thought              Read - Read

Run - Ran                                 Begin-Begun                       Break-Broken

Drink-Drunk                     

Do

• A subject
• Some exercise
• Your best
• Your homework
• Some work
• The housework
• Some / The shopping
• Nothing
• Something

Make

• A decision
• A drink
• A cake
• A sandwich
• A meal
• A mess
• A noise
• Friend (with)
• A mistake
• A difference
• An appointment (with)
• (Some) money

(+) USED TO + Infinitive

(-) Didn't USE TO + Infinitive

(?) Did … USE TO + Infinitive

(+) Have/Has + Been + V-ing

(-) Haven't/Hasn't + Been + V-ing

(?) Have/Has … Been + V-ing

Places

Sport Center - Petrol station - Museum - Art gallery - Tourist office - Square (parquet cuadrado con caminos rectos) - Park - Restaurant - Library - Swimming pool - Hotel - Supermarket - Carpark - Bank - Police station - Pharmacy - Newsagent - Music shop - Café - Cinema - Playground (Plaza con juegos)

Turn Right - Doblar a la derecha                 Turn left - Dobla a la izquierda

Take the first/second on the right/left - Dobla a la derecha/izquierda en la primera/segunda calle

Cross the road - Cruza la carretera

Go straight on - Sigue derecho

Opposite - En frente

Go right out of the station - Sal hacia la derecha de la estación

Enough (Suficiente) - The film was rubbish. After 20 minutes I had had enough (La película es horrible. Después de 20 minutos ya había tenido suficiente)

Too (Excesivo/Demasiado) - The disco is too far to walk (La disco está demasiado lejos para ir caminando)

Time Adverbials:

Ever—D Have you EVER been to Europe?

Never—D No, I have NEVER been to Europe.

Just (Recién)—D I have JUST had a test

Already (Ya)—D I have ALREADY studied for the test

Yet (Todavía/Ya)—D I haven't studied YET.

          Have you studied YET?