Galician Poetry and Culture: Post-War Repression and Literary Movements

Creationism: Manuel Antonio

Manuel Antonio (1900-1930) was committed to the group from a very young age. He was never independent. He studied sports in Vigo and died of tuberculosis.

He published only one book of poems, De catro a catro (1928), although others were published posthumously. He also authored, with Álvaro Cebreiro, the manifesto Máis alá! (1922). De catro a catro is one of the most original works of contemporary Portuguese poetry. It is composed of nineteen poems. His technique reflects the poetic avant-garde influence of creationist Vicente Huidobro, who conceived the poem as a succession of images. Other traits of Manuel Antonio are: free verse, the technique of calligram, the use of foreign vocabulary, irony, and humorous games.

Imaginismo: Amado Carballo

Luís Amado Carballo (1901-1927) published Proel (1927) during his lifetime and Galos (1928) posthumously. His poetry blends traditional elements with other more innovative ones. His work is influenced by English imaginismo.

Poems

• We Were Getting Alone (SOS) - Manuel Antonio, De catro a catro
• The Cries of Mazaricos (Song of the Time) - Amado Carballo, Proel
• The Moon is Vellin (Moon) - Amado Carvalho, Galos
• Again, Again the Terror! (Ditches) - Luís Pimentel, Triscos
• The Roof is of Stone (Long Night of Stone) - Emilio Ferreiro, Longa noite de pedra

Rio de Janeiro in the Immediate Post-War Period

When the civil war broke out, Paulo Franco was in the band. The fascist guerrilla kept the maquis active until the 1950s. The repression of the dictatorship was ruthless against its opponents.

Cultural Repression

Due to the civil war and the post-war period, the tradition of democracy was broken. The dictatorship did not allow political activities opposing the regime and stopped the cultural and literary evolution of Galicia. From 1939 to 1950, nothing was published in Galician. The repression against the Portuguese culture began with the killing of people and later removed from all institutions and bodies that kept alive the country's culture and the use of Galician in public events.

Neotrobadorismo: Cunqueiro and Bouza Brey

Neotrobadorismo is the recreation of free love themes and the parallelistic style of the Cantigas troubadour. It uses metaphors and images of avant-garde or popular inspiration, offering a synthesis of tradition and modernity.

Álvaro Cunqueiro

Álvaro Cunqueiro published Cantiga nova que se chama riveira (1933) and Dona do corpo delgado (1950). He also wrote two poems: Mar ao Norde (1932) and Poemas do si e non (1933).

Fermín Bouza Brey

Fermín Bouza Brey wrote the book of poems Nao senlleira (1933).