Fundamental Concepts of Electromagnetism: Ampere, Flux, and Transformers

amprio: is the current that, flowing through two parallel conductors Separated from each other by 1m distance, produces on each of them a force of 2.10-7 N per meter of length of the conductor.

The magnetic flux is the number of magnetic field lines that cross a given surface. Is measured in webers. Faraday had found that moving a magnet inside a coil connected to a galvanometer that indicated current flow though the coil was not connected to any generator. The same happened if the coil was that moved over the magnet. This phenomenon we call electromagnetic unduccion was interpreted as a function of its field lines and expressed by the following law: the electromotive force induced in a circuit equals the time rate of change of magnetic flux crosses ke. The meaning of the negative sign is given by lenz: the sense of the induced current is such that the field created by the current tends to oppose the changing magnetic flux that has-originating. This is another example of the tendency of systems to maintain its original equilibrium state by aaccionreaccion phenomena of which ultimately is nothing more than a consequence of the principle of conservation of energy. So if you turn away the face of a coil to the north pole of a magnet, with the consequent decrease of magnetic flux, the induced current will tend to generate a magnetic field that includes being on this side of that decrease, appear as a face south.

transformer: is the device responsible for processing unless voltaqjes higher intensity or vice versa. The funcionamientoi is based on the induction discovered by Faraday and Henry. If we place two coils proximity to each other and one (primary) is connected to an AC generator, the circuit is closed cuadno will induce a current in the secondary coil. If the two coils sandwiching a core of iron, the induction effect is increased because the magnetic field becomes more intense, ke is due to the properties of ferromagnetic hierro.Se power stations use both at home also for carry the current to other places with fewer losses.