Forensic Linguistics and Behavioral Analysis Techniques

Forensic Linguistics and Communication Analysis

Identification and Intertextuality

• Identification: Identify the author, speaker, and language.
• Intertextuality: Relate texts, assess independence, and form communicative groups (e.g., gangs).

Text Classification and Threat Assessment

• Text-Typing: Classify by text kind, assessing threatening communication, predatory chat, or evaluating a statement.

Linguistic Profiling

• Linguistic Profiling: Determine social and demographic characteristics by speech or language. Identify dialect, native language, gender, age, and educational level.

Automated Linguistic Identification

• ALIAS (Automated Linguistic Identification and Assessment System): An automated system for linguistic identification and assessment.

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP)

• NLP: Explores the connection between neurological processes, language, and behavioral patterns.

Cognitive and Behavioral Frameworks

Theory of Mind and Empathy

• Theory of Mind vs. Cognitive Empathy: The subject understands others' thoughts and adopts their perspective.
• Emotional Empathy: An emotional response to others' feelings.
• Theory of Mind: The ability to attribute mental states to oneself and to understand that others have beliefs, desires, etc. Crucial for everyday social interactions.
• Theory of Empathy: Humans anticipate and make sense of others' behavior by activating mental processes that would produce similar behavior. Children use their emotions to predict what others will do.
• Ethnocentrism: Our own group is perceived as the center of everything.

Behavioral Regulation Systems

• BIS (Behavioral Inhibition System): Regulates aversive motives.
• BAS (Behavioral Approach System): Regulates appetitive motives.

Professional Deception Detection Methods

• Polygraph: A non-verbal assessment tool.
• Brain Activity Analysis: Approximately 70% accuracy, most frequently used for criminals.
• Thermal Analysis: Includes reality monitoring, approximately 70% accuracy, not commonly used in real-life applications.
• Voice Stress Analysis: Popular in the field, often combined with scientific content analysis.

Linguistic Analysis Tools and Machine Learning

Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC)

• LIWC: A form of linguistic process analysis, used for psychological processes, relativity, and personal concerns.

Bag of Words (BoW)

• BoW: A method used in language processing to represent documents by ignoring the order of words.

Machine Learning and Statistical Experiments

• Goal: Automatic classification.
• SVM (Support Vector Machine): A representation of examples as points in space.