The Evolution of European Treaties and Turkey's Quest for EU Membership

Mast Rich:

The Treaty of Mast Rich has several characteristics. It marked a transition from an economic to a politico-economic organization. It also introduced co-decision procedures and initiated a monetary union. Additionally, it provided a social dimension to the EU and created European citizenship. Lastly, it enshrined the principle of subsidiarity.

Lisbon:

The Lisbon Treaty has the following characteristics. It increased the legislative and budgetary authority of the European Parliament. It also restricted the areas in which decisions must be unanimous. Furthermore, it established a common charter of fundamental rights for all citizens and created two new positions.

Differences between EEC and EU:

The EEC was a simple association for economic cooperation, while the EU includes the social and political integration of its members.

How Decisions are Made:

• Citizens, interest groups, experts: discuss and consult
• Commission: makes formal proposals
• Parliament and Council of Ministers: decide jointly
• National or local authorities: implement
• Commission and/or justice: monitor implementation

Turkey:

Turkey has been seeking European Union membership for several years. However, it needs to address certain criteria to be eligible. These include incorporating and applying EU law in its legal system, ensuring democracy, and having a functioning market economy. Turkey has faced delays due to issues such as torture, abusive behaviors, lack of freedom of expression, and women's rights. Nevertheless, Turkey has made progress in recent years by making political and legislative reforms to align with EU standards.

In my opinion, Turkey's efforts to meet the EU's requirements are commendable.