Essential Glossary of Medical and Genetic Terminology
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Core Healthcare and Treatment Definitions
Healthcare (Atención Sanitaria)
The field concerned with the maintenance or restoration of the health of the body or mind, supplying services, equipment, and information related to maintaining and restoring physical and mental health. Synonyms: medical attention.
Treatment (Tratamiento)
The use of medicines, surgery, or other methods in curing a person of a disorder. Synonyms: medical care, remedy, therapy, medication.
Disease (Enfermedad)
A disorder or illness that usually results from infection, deficient nutrition, or environmental factors, or a disordered/incorrectly functioning organ.
Note on Usage: Illness is often used for both more severe and more minor medical problems, including those affecting mental health. We typically use illness rather than disease for common ailments like the cold. Synonyms: sickness, ailment (achaque).
Symptoms (Síntomas)
Indications or signs of illness or disease.
Blindness (Ceguera)
The state of being unable to see.
Genetics, Biology, and Research Vocabulary
Genetics (Genética)
The branch of biology that deals with the heredity of living things and how genes contribute to differences and similarities. It is a science that combines biology and statistics. It also refers to the genetic properties or makeup of an organism or group.
Human Genome (Genoma Humano)
The total number of genes in a person or organism.
Predisposition (Predisposición)
This term has two main meanings:
- A tendency to behave in a certain way, especially to favor something (e.g., a predisposition to think that way).
- A tendency of the body to be likely to suffer from a disease (e.g., a genetically inherited predisposition for color blindness).
Clone (Clonar)
To produce a copy of something; specifically, to make an exact or genetic copy. Synonyms: copy, imitate, reproduce.
Cloning (Clonación)
The process of producing a clone.
Researcher (Investigador)
A person who conducts research or investigates a subject systematically.
Medical Progress and Technical Terms
Medical Advances (Avances Médicos)
Significant progress or developments in the field of medicine.
Key Technologies (Tecnologías Clave)
Essential or fundamental technologies required for a specific purpose.
Development (Desarrollo)
The process of growth or advancement.
To Decode (Descodificar)
To translate data or a message from a code or cipher into the original language or form.
Screen (Monitorizar)
In a medical context, this verb means to monitor, filter, or test for illness.
Eradicate (Erradicar)
To remove or destroy completely.
Challenge (Reto, Desafío)
Something that, by its nature, is a test or a difficult thing to accomplish.
General Vocabulary and Usage
Dawn (Amanecer)
The first appearance of daylight in the morning, or the beginning/rise of anything (e.g., the dawn of civilization). Synonyms: sunrise, daybreak, beginning, origin, advent.
Headline-Grabbing Stories (Historias que Llaman la Atención)
Stories that attract significant public attention due to their titles or subject matter.
To Be About To (Estar a Punto de)
To be on the verge of doing something. Example: "I'm about to go to a meeting."
To Commission (Encargar)
To formally request or authorize the creation or production of something.
Major (Importante)
Greater in importance, significance, or scope.
Success (Éxito)
The favorable result of something attempted or achieved.
Megabucks (Pastizal, Dineral)
A very large sum of money.
Available (Disponible)
Suitable or ready to use; accessible.
At Risk (En Riesgo)
In danger or susceptible to harm or loss.
Appropriate (Apropiado)
Particularly suitable, correct, or fitting for the circumstances.