Essential English Vocabulary and Simple Past Tense Review

English Grammar Fundamentals: Simple Past Tense

Household Chores Vocabulary

• Vacuum: Pasar la aspiradora
• Wash/Do the dishes: Lavar los platos
• Work in the garden: Trabajar en el jardín
• Pay the bills: Pagar las cuentas
• Do the laundry: Lavar la ropa
• Dust: Quitar el polvo

Simple Past Tense: Regular Verbs

Affirmative Example: I studied on Sunday.

Expressing Negatives (Simple Past)

Structure: Subject + did not (didn't) + Base Verb.

Example: I didn't study on Sunday.

Irregular Verbs (Past Tense)

Bought:

Compró

Drank:

Bebió

Had:

Tuvo/Había

Got up:

Se levantó

Met:

Se reunió/Se juntó

Sang:

Cantó

Wrote:

Escribió

Grew:

Creció

Took:

Tomó

See (Past: Saw):

Vio

Eat (Past: Ate):

Comió

Sleep (Past: Slept):

Durmió

Go (Past: Went):

Fue

Yes/No Questions in Simple Past

Example: Did you watch TV all weekend?

Short Answers: No, I didn't. / Yes, I did.

Correction Example: Did you have a good day? (Note: Use the base form of the verb after 'Did').

The Verb "To Be" in Past Tense (Was/Were)

Conjugation

• WAS: I, He, She, It
• WERE: We, They, You

Affirmative and Negative Statements

• Positive (Was): I was born in Korea.
• Negative (Was): I wasn't born in the USA.
• Positive (Were): We were born the same year.
• Negative (Were): We weren't born in the same country.

Yes/No Questions with Was/Were

Example: Were you born in Chile?

Short Answers: No, I wasn't. / Yes, I was.

WH- Questions with Was/Were

Example: When was she born?

Answer: She was born in 1978.

Social Language and Pronouns

Making Excuses (Declining Invitations)

• No, I am sorry, I have to travel.
• I am sorry, I have other plans.
• I'd like to, but I can't.

Accepting Invitations

That's a great idea!

Object Pronouns

I

Me

You

You

He

Him

She

Her

It

It

We

Us

They

Them

Health and Wellness Vocabulary

Body Parts

Hair:

Pelo

Ears:

Oídos

Neck:

Cuello

Chest:

Pecho

Arm:

Brazo

Stomach:

Estómago

Leg:

Pierna

Foot:

Pie

Thumb:

Pulgar

Wrist:

Muñeca

Fingers:

Dedos

Feet:

Pies

Ankle:

Tobillo

Knee:

Rodilla

Hand:

Mano

Elbow:

Codo

Back:

Espalda

Shoulders:

Hombros

Eyes:

Ojos

Nose:

Nariz

Tooth:

Diente

Chin:

Barbilla

Illnesses and Ailments

A backache:

Dolor de espalda

An earache:

Dolor de oídos

A headache:

Dolor de cabeza

A stomachache:

Dolor de estómago

A toothache:

Dolor de muela

A cold:

Resfriado

A cough:

Tos

A fever:

Fiebre

A sore throat:

Dolor de garganta

Sore eyes:

Dolor en los ojos

The flu:

La gripe

States and Feelings

Well:

Bien

Great:

Genial

Terrific:

Estupendo

Sick:

Enfermo

Awful:

Horrible

Sad:

Triste

Bad:

Mal

Remedies and Medications

Antacid:

Antiácido

Aspirin:

Aspirina

Eye drops:

Gotas para los ojos

Cough drops:

Pastillas para la tos

Cold pills:

Pastillas para el resfriado

Muscle cream:

Crema muscular