Essential English Vocabulary: Memory, Emotions, and Our Planet
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Unit 1: Memory and Experience Vocabulary
Key Vocabulary for Memory and Recollection
- remember: recordar
- recall: traer de la memoria
- record: grabar
- appointments: citas
- diary: diario
- memorize: memorizar
- memory: memoria
- memories: recuerdos
- calendar: calendario
- remind: recordar
- mind: mente
- forget: olvidar
- learn: aprender
- by heart: de memoria
Phrasal Verbs Related to Action and Resolution
- carry out: llevar a cabo
- let something down: decepcionar
- sort out: ordenar/preparar
- work out: resolver
Common False Friends in English
- anxious: nervioso vs. eager: ansioso
- success: éxito vs. event: suceso
- embarrassed: avergonzado vs. pregnant: embarazada
Expressing Feelings and Emotions
Intensity of Feelings: From Mild to Strong
- angry/cross → furious
- upset → heartbroken/devastated
- frightened/scared → terrified
- surprised → amazed
- pleased/glad → delighted
- excited → thrilled
- astonished: asombrado
Idiomatic Expressions for Emotions
- bright red: ponerse rojo
- over the moon: muy contento
- couldn't believe her eyes: no me lo podía creer
- burst into tears: romper a llorar
- scared stiff: quedarse de piedra
Unit 2: Our Planet and Environmental Vocabulary
Essential Vocabulary for Environmental Topics
- green: verde
- reuse: reutilizar
- recycle: reciclar
- recycling bin: papelera de reciclaje
- rubbish bin: cubo de basura
- throwing... away: tirarlo
- rubbish: basura
- dump: vertedero
- waste: desperdicio
- packing: embalaje
Common False Friends in Environmental Contexts
- topic: tema vs. cliché: tópico
- dispose of: deshacerse de/tirar vs. have: disponer de
- realize: darse cuenta de vs. carry out: realizar
- be convenient: ir bien vs. be advisable: ser conveniente
Phrasal Verbs Related to Environment and Weather
- put up with: tolerar algo
- come up with: encontrar/producir una idea
- break down: descomponerse
- cut down (on): reducir el consumo de
- clear up: se despeja (weather)
- warm up: se calienta (weather)
- brightened up: brillar (weather)
- cooled down: bajar temperaturas
- cloud over: se nublará
Key Environmental Terms and Definitions
- climate change: changes in the Earth's temperature
- fossil fuels: sources of energy formed over millions of years from plants and animals
- greenhouse gases: gases in the atmosphere which trap heat from the sun
- global warming: a gradual increase in the Earth's temperature
- polar ice caps: large pieces of ice at the North and South Poles
- sea level: the level of the sea
- renewable energy: a form of energy or power source that is replaced naturally and so will always exist
- wind power: energy from the wind
- solar panels: a piece of equipment that collects energy from sunlight
- unleaded petrol: petrol from which lead has been removed
- exhaust fumes: waste gases that come out of a vehicle
- energy-saving: using less energy than normal
- congestion charge: money that drivers have to pay to drive through some parts of a city
- environmentally friendly: not harming the environment
- carbon offsetting: doing things such as planting trees, to compensate for CO2 emissions that are produced by a city, factory, etc.