Essential English Grammar and Art Vocabulary Review
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Essential English Vocabulary for Art and Creativity
Art Terminology and Definitions
- abstract
- cave painting (pintura rupestre)
- graffiti
- landscape (paisatge)
- photograph (fotografia)
- portrait (retrat)
- sculpture
- still life (bodega)
- street art (art urbà)
Verbs Related to Art Creation and Display
- enlarge (ampliar)
- frame (marc)
- hang (penjar)
- print (imprimir)
- save to hard drive (guardar-ho en un dispositiu)
- take (fer una foto)
People and Tools in the Art World
- artist
- brush (pinzell)
- easel (caballet)
- gallery
- model
- paint
- palette
- pedestal
- portfolio
- sculptor
- sculpture
- bust
- photography
Grammar Focus: Make vs. Do
Understanding the difference between make and do is crucial for fluency.
Using "Make"
We usually use make to talk about creating or constructing something, or producing a result.
- a decision
- some money
- a choice
- a commitment
- an impact
- the grade
- a cake
- friends
- an appointment
- mistakes
Using "Do"
We usually use do to talk about general activities, work, or tasks.
- some cleaning
- an English course
- a part-time job
- someone a favor
- your best
Word Formation: Noun, Person, and Adjective
| Noun | Person | Adjective |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | Architect | Architectural |
| Surrealism | Surrealist | Surreal |
| Art | Artist | Artistic |
| Photography | Photographer | Photographic |
| Competition | Competitor | Competitive |
Mastering the Passive Voice
Structure and Examples
The passive voice shifts the focus from the performer of the action (the agent) to the action itself or the recipient.
Active vs. Passive Example
- Active: The boy broke the window.
- Passive: The window was broken by the boy.
Three Steps to Form the Passive Voice
To convert an active sentence to the passive voice, follow these steps:
- Identify the verb tense of the active sentence.
- Put the verb to be in the same verb tense.
- Add the main verb in the past participle form.
Passive Voice Tense Chart
| Tense | Active Form (Example: Paint) | Passive Form |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | paint(s) | is/are painted |
| Present Continuous | is/are painting | is/are being painted |
| Present Perfect Simple | has/have painted | has/have been painted |
| Past Simple | painted | was/were painted |
| Past Continuous | was/were painting | was/were being painted |
| Past Perfect | had painted | had been painted |
| Future Simple | will paint | will be painted |
| Future Continuous | will be painting | will be being painted |
| Future Perfect | will have painted | will have been painted |
| Modals (Present) | can paint | can be painted |
| Modals (Perfect) | should have painted | should have been painted |