Essential Driving Vocabulary & Grammar for English Learners
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Driving Vocabulary: Road & Car Terms
- A One-Way Street: calle de un solo sentido
- Lane: carril
- Motorway/Highway/Freeway: autopista
- Rage: rabia
- Honk/Sound Your Horn: tocar el claxon
- Pledge: compromiso, garantía
- Crossroads/Junction: cruce
- Overtake: adelantar
- Roundabout: rotonda
- Fatal: mortal
- Motorist: conductor
- Rush Hour: hora punta
- A Flat Tyre: neumático pinchado
- Delay: retrasar
- Tough: duro
- Stuck: atascado / Traffic Jam: atasco
- Oncoming: en dirección opuesta
- Seatbelt: cinturón de seguridad
- Inattentive: distraído
- Boot/Trunk: maletero
- Bonnet/Hood: capó
- Lorry/Truck: camión
- Car Park/Parking Lot: aparcamiento
- Petrol/Gas: gasolina
- Complaint: queja
- A Dead End: callejón sin salida
- A Head-on Collision: choque frontal
- Claims Lives: cobrarse la vida de
- Slow Motion: a cámara lenta
- Swerve: virar, desviarse
- Alongside: junto a
- Heartbreaking: desolador
- Disturbing: preocupante
- Far-Reaching: amplio
- Reckless: imprudente
- Cautious: prudente
- Right of Way: preferencia de paso
- Speed Limit: límite de velocidad
- Distracted: distraído
- Unaware: no ser consciente
- Fancy: sentirse atraído
- Resist the Urge: resistir la tentación
- Speeding: exceso de velocidad
- Sidewalk/Pavement: acera
- Tempted: tentado
- Worldwide: mundial
- Enforce: aplicar
- Polls: encuestas
- Licensed: con permiso
- Jaywalking: cruzar de manera imprudente
- Zebra/Pedestrian Crossing: paso de cebra
Phrasal Verbs for Driving
- Break Down: averiarse
- Speed Up: acelerar
- Pull Into: meterse en
- Slow Down: frenar
- Run Over: atropellar
- Fill Up: repostar
- Drop Off: entregar
- Drive Off: continuar la marcha/partir
- Plough Into: colisionar
- Pull Over: aparcar
- Back Up: apoyar a alguien o hacer una copia de seguridad de un documento
Modal Verbs in English
Common Modal Verbs
- Can: poder, puedo
- Could: poder, podía/podría
- Be Able To: ser capaz de
- May: poder, puede que
- Might: poder, tal vez
- Should / Ought To: debería
- Need To / Have To: necesitar/tener que
- Must: deber, obligación
- Would: condicional, -ría
Past Modals and Their Meanings
- Could have + past participle: Expresses an ability to have done something in the past, but it didn't happen.
- Couldn't have + past participle: Expresses certainty that something didn't happen in the past.
- May/Might have + past participle: Expresses a guess or possibility about a past action.
- Should/Ought to have + past participle: Expresses criticism or regret about a past action (something that should have happened but didn't).
- Shouldn't have + past participle: Expresses regret that something happened, or a desire that something hadn't happened. (deseo de no haber hecho algo)