Essential Catholic Social Teaching Terms

Justice

The cardinal moral virtue that compels us to render to God and our neighbors what is rightfully theirs.

Common Good

The sum total of social conditions that enable individuals and groups to flourish and reach their full potential.

Social Sin

The impact of individual sins on society, creating structures that perpetuate injustice.

Social Teaching

The branch of Catholic theology that applies the Gospel message to social, political, and economic issues.

Natural Law

Inherent moral principles accessible to human reason, reflecting our God-given nature.

Solidarity

The virtue of social charity, friendship, and responsibility, recognizing our interdependence.

Stewardship

The responsible use of God's gifts, including the care for creation.

Subsidiarity

The principle that matters should be handled by the smallest and most local competent authority.

Personalistic Norm

The principle that society and its institutions should serve the needs of the human person.

Euthanasia

The intentional act or omission that causes death to eliminate suffering.

Human Rights

Inherent rights and freedoms due to every person, reflecting their dignity as created in the image of God.

Civil Allegiance

The duty of respect and obedience owed by citizens to their rightful government.

Conscientious Objection

The moral right to refuse to participate in actions that violate one's conscience.

Preferential Option for the Poor

Prioritizing the needs of the poor and vulnerable and working to dismantle unjust structures.

Jubilee Year

A time for liberation from debt and servitude, rooted in the Old Testament tradition.

Works of Mercy

Charitable actions that address the physical and spiritual needs of others.

Universal Destination of Goods

The principle that the earth's resources should be shared equitably to ensure the dignity of all.

Right to Property

The right to responsibly use and care for a portion of creation.

Economy

The system by which resources are produced, distributed, and consumed, impacting human flourishing.

Discernment

The process of prayerfully reflecting and distinguishing between right and wrong actions.

Migrant

A person who leaves their home country to seek a better life elsewhere.

Peace

The state of tranquility and harmony that results from justice and love.