English Verb Tenses, Conditionals & Wish Structures
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Tiempos Verbales (English Verb Tenses)
Present Simple (P.S.)
| P.S S + V-inf (he/she/it + s) + C | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| Don't / Doesn't (he/she/it) + V + C | usually, often, always, sometimes, ever, rarely |
| Don't / Doesn't (he/she/it) + V + C | Note: With does the main verb does not take -s |
| Do / Does + S + V + C ? | hardly, at weekends, once a day, like, love, adore |
Present Continuous (P.C.)
| P.C S + TO BE + V-ING | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + TO BE + V-ING + C | now, at the moment, currently, tonight, this ... |
| S + TO BE + NOT + V-ING + C | tonight, tomorrow, this ... |
| TO BE + S + V-ING + C ? |
Present Perfect (P.P.)
| P.P S + HAVE/HAS + V3/ED + C | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + HAVEN'T / HASN'T + V3/ED | since, for, yet, this morning, this week |
| HAVE / HAS + S + V3/ED + C ? | for a long time, ever |
Present Perfect Continuous (P.P.C.)
| P.P.C S + HAVE / HAS BEEN + V-ING | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + HAVEN'T / HASN'T BEEN + V-ING | How long, all ..., lately, what ... |
| HAVE / HAS + S + BEEN + V-ING + C ? |
Past Simple (PAS)
| PAS S + V (ED / 2nd form) | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + DIDN'T + V + C / KEY | last, when, during, ago |
| DID + S + V + C |
Past Continuous (PAS,C)
| PAS,C S + WAS / WERE (we, you, they) + V-ING | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + WASN'T / WEREN'T + V-ING | because, when, while, at ... |
| What / Who + WAS / WERE + S + V-ING + C / KEY ? |
Past Perfect (PAS.P)
| PAS.P S + HAD + V3/ED | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + HADN'T + V3/ED | before, until, after, already |
| HAD + S + V3/ED + C ? |
Past Perfect Continuous (PAS.P.C)
| PAS.P.C S + HAD BEEN + V-ING | Common time expressions |
|---|---|
| S + HADN'T BEEN + V-ING | for, all, since, how long |
| HAD + S + BEEN + V-ING |
Conditionals
a. If I were (be) taller, I could reach ...
b. Call me if you hear (hear) any news.
c. This flat would be all right if it weren't (not/be) so noisy.
e. Jack rang while... If I had known he was going to ring, I would have stayed at home.
f. She'll get pneumonia if she doesn't change her clothes.
g. If she had saved her money, she would be going on holiday now.
h. Unless you had worn (wear) a false beard, they ...
i. But for him, she wouldn't have found her way home.
j. The teacher wouldn't shout at her if she did her homework.
k. If someone offered you the chance to go deep-sea diving, what would you say? Wow! I'd say "yes" ... But if I hadn't done it, I would have been ...
l. No one will see you... Don't remove your coat.
n. If the dog hadn't barked... I wouldn't have woken up.
ñ. If I understood the question...
k. If he hadn't forgotten his ticket, they would have let him in.
o. If you were (be) a better driver, I'd let you borrow my car.
WISH
a. I'm really sorry, but I'm too busy to go to a film.
I wish I weren't too busy.
b. I want to go to the party with you tonight but my mother...
I wish my mother would allow me to.
c. I'm sorry I never apologized to Sally.
I wish I had apologized to Sally.
d. I regret spilling coffee on this shirt.
I wish I hadn't spilled coffee on this shirt.
e. I'm annoyed that my sister borrows my clothes without...
I wish my sister would ask me.
f. You are lost in London because you don't have a map.
I wish I had a map.
g. I shouldn't have cancelled the picnic last weekend.
I wish I hadn't cancelled the picnic.
h. Unfortunately, I don't have a dog.
I wish I had a dog.
i. I bought these jeans because they were cheap but they ...
I wish I hadn't bought these jeans.
j. I'm in hospital and my leg hurts so much!
I wish my leg wouldn't hurt so much.