English Grammar and Vocabulary Study Notes Units 1-5

Unit 1: Vocabulary, Grammar, and History of Money

Vocabulary and Clothing Terms

1. Vocabulary List:

• 1. Match
• 2. Comfortable
• 3. Tight
• 4. Watch
• 5. Outfit
• 6. Smart

3. Text Completion:

1. Tried on, 2. Top, 3. Fit, 4. Size, 5. Loose, 6. Belt, 7. Walked

Grammar: Articles and Quantifiers

4. Articles: an, any, a, some, any

5. Noun Phrases: a (coat), some (pockets), an (outfit), the (top), any (money)

6. Text Exercise: any, an, any, a, some, a, the, an

4. Quantifiers: many, a lot of; much, a lot of; many, a lot of; many, a lot of; a lot of, much

5. Questions: How much, how many, how much, how many, how much

6. Mixed Practice: -1. How much, -2. Much, -3. A, -4. An, -5. The, -6. A lot of, -7. How many, -8. Many, -9. An

Reading: The Evolution of Currency

1. Key Terms:

• COST: precio, costar
• COIN: moneda
• PAYMENT: pago

3. Phrases: (the) money, (many) the florin, (a lot of) departments, (some) extra cheese, (many) digital payment

4. Historical Milestones:

• ANIMALS: Method of exchange before money existed.
• MARCO POLO: He traveled to China and was amazed by the trading system he saw there.
• HARDING, HOWELL & CO: It was the world's first department store, opened in London in 1770.
• JOHN BIGGINS: He introduced the first credit card, called the “Charge It Card,” in 1946.

Unit 2: Past Tenses, Sports, and Sherlock Holmes

Grammar: Past Simple and Past Continuous

4. Tense Identification: PS/PS, PS/PC, PS/PC, PC/PC, PC/PS

5. Matching: (1.d) PC, (2.b) PS, (3.c) PS, (4.a) PC, (5.e) PS

Vocabulary: Sports and Activities

1. Matching: (1.D) Golf, (2.A) Karate, (3.B) Volleyball, (4.C) Rollerblading

2. Sequence: (1.B), (2.E), (3.D), (4.F), (5.C), (6.A)

4. Identification: (1.d) Bowling, (2.c) Karate, (3.a) Swimming, (4.b) Football

Reading: Modern-Day Detectives

1. Definitions:

• FICTIONAL: de ficción
• BROUGHT BACK TO LIFE: traído de vuelta a la vida
• SOLVE: resolver
• FIT INTO: encajar en

3. Comprehension: -1. F (PC), -2. F (PS), -3. T (PS), -4. T (PS), -5. T (PC), -6. DS (PS)

4. Details: (1) Sherlock Holmes, (2) The Film Problem, (3) Modern-day London, (4) New York, (5) A woman called Dr. Joan Watson

Unit 3: Social Issues and Comparatives

Vocabulary and Reading: Social Awareness

3. Matching: (1.d), (2.a), (3.f), (4.g), (5.b), (6.e), (7.c)

2. Match A to B: (1.d), (2.b), (3.e), (4.c), (5.a)

1. Key Terms:

• BELONGINGS: pertenencias
• DISABLED: discapacitado
• HOMELESS: sin hogar

Grammar: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

3. Adjective Forms: (1) more frightening than, (2) the most courageous, (3) more pleasant than, (4) more efficient than, (5) the most frightening

4. True/False: 1(T), 2(DS), 3(T), 4(T), 5(F)

5. Mama Lynn’s Mission: (1) Help children in need, (2) Education, (3) Mama Lynn, (4) Cooking, administration, cleaning, and organizational skills.

Unit 4: Phrasal Verbs and Medical Reading

Grammar and Vocabulary Exercises

3. Verb Meanings: 1(c) become, 2(d) regret, 3(a) behave, 4(b) give away

1. Odd One Out: 1(a phone), 2(lunch), 3(a holiday), 4(an outfit), 5(clothes)

Reading: Brain Surgery and Medical Terms

1. Definitions:

• BRAIN: cerebro
• REMOVE: eliminar
• GUIDED: guiado
• AWAKE: despierto

3. Existence: there wasn’t, there weren’t, there wasn’t, there weren’t, there weren’t

Unit 5: Legal Vocabulary and Robben Island

Vocabulary: Crime and Justice

3. Legal Terms: (1.d) Court, (2.c) Guilty, (3.a) Murderer, (4.e) Thief, (5.b) Judge

Reading: History and Racial Segregation

1. Key Terms:

• VIEWS: vistas
• RULING: gobierno
• RACIAL SEGREGATION: segregación racial
• TREATMENT: tratamiento

3. Robben Island Facts: (1) It was used as a prison, (2) Nelson Mandela, (3) People with serious physical and mental health conditions, (4) In 1997