English Grammar: Passive Voice, Relative Clauses, Modals, and More
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PASSIVE VOICE
Active: I write a letter – Passive: The letter is written / I´m writing a letter – Passive: The letter is being written / I wrote a letter – Passive: The letter was written / I was writing a letter – Passive: The letter was being written / I have written a letter – Passive: The letter has been written / I will write a letter – Passive: The letter will be written / I´m going to write a letter – Passive: The letter is going to be written / I have to write a letter – Passive: The letter has to be written / I should write a letter – Passive: The letter should be written / I must write a letter – Passive: The letter must be written
RELATIVE CLAUSES
Who- personas quien / which – cosas cual / that- personas animales cosas (no se puede poner entre comillas) / whose – cuyo cuya / whom – a quien / of which – de cual para animales o cosas
MODALS
Can- poder / could- podría / may – poder / might – podría / must – deber / should – deberías
STYLE DIRECT AND INDIRECT
Estilo directo-> comillas “I´am going to London next week “ she said estilo indirecto -> no comillas presente simple (is)-past simple (was) / present continuous ( is living)- past continuous ( was living) / past simple ( went) – past perfect simple (had gone) / past continuous (was working)- past perfect continuous (had been working) / present perfect simple (have eaten) – past perfect simple (had eaten) / present perfect continuous (have been studying) – past perfect continuous ( had been studying) / Now – at the moment / Today – that day / tonight- that night / last night- the night before / tomorrow – the following day / yesterday – the day before / this week – that week / next week – the following week / last year – the year before / here – these
CONDITIONALS
0-> If I catch you (Si te pillo) I kill you (te mataré) / 1-> If I catch you ( si te pillo) I will kill you (te mataré) / 2-> If I caught you ( si te pillara) I would kill you ( te mataría) / 3-> If had caught you ( si te hubiera pillado ) I would have killed you ( te habría matado) / I-me / you- you / he – him / she – her / it – it / we – us / you- you / they – them