English Grammar: Mastering Passive Voice and Prepositions
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Passive Voice and Prepositions
Passive Voice
Tense Comparison
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | I make a cake. | A cake is made. |
| Present Continuous | I am making a cake. | A cake is being made. |
| Past Simple | I made a cake. | A cake was made. |
| Past Continuous | I was making a cake. | A cake was being made. |
| Present Perfect | I have made a cake. | A cake has been made. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | I have been making a cake. | A cake has been being made. |
| Past Perfect | I had made a cake. | A cake had been made. |
| Future Simple | I will make a cake. | A cake will be made. |
| Future Perfect | I will have made a cake. | A cake will have been made. |
Have Something Done
- Liz and Meg are having their hair dyed.
Liz y Meg se están haciendo teñir el pelo. - Mr. Singer always has his suits made at the tailor's shop.
El señor Singer siempre se hace hacer los trajes en la sastrería. - Jake had his groceries delivered two hours ago.
Le trajeron las compras a Jake hace dos horas. - We had our house burgled last weekend.
El fin de semana pasado entraron a nuestra casa a robar. - Diane has had her printer cartridges refilled.
Diane hizo recargar los cartuchos de su impresora. - We'd just had our house fumigated.
Habíamos acabado de hacer fumigar la casa. - You should have your eyes checked.
Deberías hacerte revisar los ojos. - Jenny will have her ears pierced.
Jenny se va a hacer perforar las orejas.
Prepositions
Time
- on: days of the week
- in: months, seasons, time of day, year
- at: night, for weekend, a certain point of time (when?)
- since: from a certain point of time (past till now)
- for: over a certain period of time (past till now)
- ago: a certain time in the past
- before: earlier than a certain point of time
- to: telling the time
- past: telling the time
- to / till / until: marking the beginning and end of a period of time
- till / until: in the sense of how long something is going to last
- by: in the sense of at the latest
Place
- in: room, book, car, picture
- at: for table, events, typical place
- on: television, radio, a floor, left, right
- by, next to, beside: left or right of somebody or something
- under: on the ground
- below: the fish are below the surface
- over: above, across
- above: higher than something else, but not directly over it
- across: getting to the other side (also over)
- through: something with limits on top, bottom and the sides
- to: go to the cinema
- into: enter a room / a building
- towards: movement in the direction of something
- onto: movement to the top of something
Other
- from: in the sense of where from, who gave it
- of: who/what does it belong to
- by: who made it
- in: entering a car / taxi
- off: leaving a public transport vehicle
- out of: leaving a car / taxi