English Grammar and Kitchen Vocabulary Essentials

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Present Continuous

Affirmative

I am working - You/We/They are working - He/She/It is working.

Negative

I'm not working - You/We/They aren't working - He/She/It isn't working.

Interrogative

Am I working? - Are you/we/they working? - Is he/she/it working?

Past: To Be

Affirmative

I/He/She/It was - You/We/They were.

Negative

I/He/She/It wasn't - You/We/They weren't.

Interrogative

Was I/he/she/it...? - Were you/we/they...?

Past Simple

Negative

I/You/He/She/It/We/They didn't make.

Interrogative

Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they make...?

Examples: Sam did/Sam didn't - open/opened - buy/bought - give/gave - not have/didn't have - do/did.

Be Going To

Affirmative

I am going to cook - You/We/They are going to cook - He/She/It is going to cook.

Negative

I'm not going to cook - You/We/They aren't going to cook - He/She/It isn't going to cook.

Interrogative

Am I going to cook? - Are you/we/they going to cook? - Is he/she/it going to cook?

Modals

Affirmative

You can cook/He could cook/They must cook/She should cook.

Negative

You can't cook/He couldn't cook/They mustn't cook/She shouldn't cook.

Interrogative

Can you cook?/Could he cook?/Should she cook?

Also: have to/ought to.

Comparative Adjectives

Short Form

cheaper than

Long Form

more expensive than

Irregular Adjectives

good/better - bad/worse - far/farther or further

Examples: soft/softer - crunchy/crunchier - famous/more famous

Superlative Adjectives

...est short/shortest - dry/driest - big/biggest - easy/easiest

Have to / Don't have to

Affirmative

He/She/It has to go - I/You/We/They have to go.

Negative

I/You/We/They don't have to go - He/She/It doesn't have to go.

Interrogative

Do I/you/we/they have to go? - Does he/she/it have to go?

Present Perfect Simple

Affirmative

I/You/We/They have received - He/She/It has received.

Negative

I/You/We/They haven't received - He/She/It hasn't received.

Interrogative

Have I/you/we/they received...? - Has he/she/it received...?

Vocabulary

Kitchen Utensils

  • tongs/pinzas
  • mixing bowl/bowl de mezcla
  • whisk/barilla or batidor
  • chef's knife/cuchillo del chef
  • chopping board/tabla de cortar
  • spatula
  • wooden spoon/cuchara de madera
  • saucepan/cacerola
  • frying pan/sartén
  • pot/pota
  • oven glove/guante de horno
  • ladle/cucharón

Kitchen Appliances & Areas

  • sink/lavabo
  • fridge/refrigerador
  • deep fryer/freidora
  • dishwasher/lavavajillas
  • cooker/estufa
  • oven freezer/horno congelador
  • worktop/encimera
  • trolley/carretilla

Cooking Ingredients & Actions

  • gravy/salsa
  • crackers/galletas
  • preheat/precalentar
  • turn on/encender
  • bunch/manojo
  • powder/polvo
  • leaves/hojas
  • pastry/pastelería
  • custard/lactoso
  • topped/rematado
  • layers/capas
  • ripe/maduro
  • baked/horneado
  • filled/lleno
  • pie/tarta
  • cake/pastel
  • cinnamon/canela
  • thick/grueso
  • should/debería
  • make/hacer
  • dough/masa
  • crust/corteza
  • cocoa/cacao
  • baking powder/levadura en polvo
  • cups/tazas
  • flour/harina

Food Handling & Safety

  • lunch/almuerzo
  • handling food/manipulando comida
  • handle/encargarse
  • keep/mantener
  • ill/enfermo
  • dry/seco
  • tea towel/paño de cocina
  • brush/cepillo
  • clean/limpio
  • raw/crudo
  • cooked/cocido
  • healthy/sano
  • safe/seguro
  • thaw/deshielo

Measurements, Storage & Shopping

  • enough/suficiente
  • also/además
  • butter/mantequilla
  • beans/grano
  • sell-by/vender por
  • storeroom/trastero
  • rotten/podrido
  • airtight/hermético
  • unsafe/inseguro
  • growth/crecer y crecimiento
  • quickly/con rapidez
  • dozen/docena
  • wrap/envolver
  • throw/lanzar
  • tub/tina
  • sack/saco
  • spray can/lata de aerosol
  • sachet/bolsita
  • keg/barril
  • else/más
  • budget/presupuesto
  • delivery/entrega
  • bargain/negociar
  • bill/cuenta
  • supplies/suministros
  • amount/cantidad
  • send/enviar
  • spend/gastar
  • waste/residuos
  • rely/confiar
  • purchase/compra

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