English Grammar Cheat Sheet

Special Structures

Used to

~ Used to (solía): {used to + base form/ didn't/ did you used to…?} Cosas que hacía en el pasado, que ya no hace. Detrás del "used to" va un CD o un V.-ing. No se conjuga, se pone el verbo en forma base.

Would

~ Would: {would + base form} Verb en movimiento. Detrás del "would" va un infinitivo.

Be Used to (Estar acostumbrado)

~ Be used to: {(be) used to + object/ gerundio} Se conjuga el verbo "to be" y el "used to" queda igual. Detrás puede ir un CD o un V.-ing. Describe cosas a las que estamos acostumbrados.

Get Used to (Acostumbrarse a)

~ Get used to: {(get) used to + object/ gerundio} Se conjuga el "get" y el "used to" queda igual. Detrás puede ir un CD o un V.-ing. Describe algo en proceso de acostumbrarse. En negativa se pone "hasn't".

Emphasis

So/Such

~ So/such: Para dar énfasis a algo. {-so + adj o adv} {-such + sintagma nominal o nombre} (cuando hay "a/an" después "such" siempre)

So… (that)/ Such… (that)

~ So..(that)/ such..(that): Describe consecuencias de una cosa {-so + adj o adv + that} {-such + (a/an) + sintagma nominal o nombre + that}

Conjunctions

~ Either… or: o… o / neither… nor: ni… ni

Reported Speech

Statements

(said, told, explained, communicated, added)

Questions

(ask, question, wonder)
- Wh: (wh + sujeto + verbo)
- Yes/No: tras reporting verb if/whether/

Order

(order, warn, advise) {to + infinitivo} en negativo "not to"

Request

(request, ask, recommend, complain) {to + infinitivo}

Suggestion

(offer, propose, suggest) {-ing/ that (we) infinitivo}

Expressions

• Now - then, at that moment
• Today - that day
• Tonight - that night
• Yesterday - the day before, the previous day
• Tomorrow - the next day, the following day
• Next week - the following week
• Last week - the previous week
• A week ago - the week before
• Here - there
• This - that
• These - those
• I - he, she
• You - I
• We - they
• Your - my
• My - his, her, your, their
• Me - him, her

Verb Tenses in Reported Speech

§ him, her.
Temporary Verb:

• Present Simple (she studies) - (she studied) Past Simple
• Present Continuous (I am waiting) - (he was waiting) Past Continuous
• Present Perfect (I have given) - (he had given) Past Perfect
• Past Simple (She arrived) - (she had arrived) Past Perfect
• Past Perfect (I had studied) - (I had studied) No cambia
• Future Simple (She will visit) - (she would visit) Conditional
• Can (She can study) - (she could study) Could
• May (I must be) - (I might be) Might
• Must/Have to (I must brush) - (he had to brush) Had to
• Should, could, would, might, ought to y used to - No cambian
• Going to (she is going to open) - (she will open) Will/Would