Emergency Medications Overview
Classified in Medicine & Health
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| Generic & Trade | Usage Indications | Contraindications | Dosage | Administration | Actions | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Routes | |||||
Oxygen Trade: N/A | SPO2 <94% Unknown O2 Level w/ med condition leading to hypoxia Pt w/ pos hypoxia, shock, poor perfusion, or heart failure | Pt's with unfavourable ventilation(Lung damage) | Med Pt: Administer O2 at 2lpm via NC and titrate until is SPO2 >94% or at 15lpm via NRB if pt shows hypoxia Trauma Pt: High flow O2 to maintain >95%. Typically 15lpm via NRB. Either: If a Bag-Valve vent is required, Highflow O2 | Airway either orally, nasally, or through an advanced airway | Increasing O2 saturation within the bloodstream and body | Dry/Bloody Nose, Tiredness, headaches |
Oral Glucose Trade: Glutose, Insta-Glucose | PMH of diabetes or BGL <70mg/dL | *Inability to swallow, *BGL>70mg/dL | Small amounts PO (15-20g) | Orally (PO) | Raising of Pt's BGL | No Side effects, Possible airway obstruction if too much is administered |
Activated Charcoal Trade: SuperChar, InstaChar, Actidose, Liquichar | Adsorption of ingested poison or harmful chemicals | *Has an AMS *Swallowed acids or alkalis *Unable to swallow *OD on cyanide | 1g/kg Adult ~30-100g Infant/child~12.5-25g | Orally(PO) | Adsorption of poisons within the stomach, prevents absorption into body | Blackening of stools, pos vomiting |
Nitroglycerin Trade: Nitrostat(Tablet), Nitrolingual Spray(Spray) | Chest pain | *Systolic Bp <90mmHg or decreased >30mmHg from baseline *HR <50bpm or >100bpm *Head Injury *Infant or Child *Admin. of ED meds within 24hrs | 1 Tablet or spray(0.3mg or 0.4mg) Admin 1 every 3-5min if no relief and no contraindication Max of 3 doses | Sublingual via tablet or spray | *Dialates blood vessels *Decreases workload of the heart *decreases cardiac oxygen demand | *Headache *Drop in BP *Changes in HR |
Epinephrine Trade: Adrenalin EpiPen, Auvi-Q auto-injectors | Pt presents w/ skin & mucosal signs, Respo distress, poor perfusion | N/A | Adult: 0.3mg Infant: 0.15mg | IM Injection | *Constriction of Blood Vessels *Relaxation of smooth muscles in bronchioles *Increase of HR | *Increased HR *Pale Skin *Dizziness *Chest Pain *Headache *Nausea and vommiting *Excitability and anxiousness |
Albuterol Trade: Proventil, Ventolin, ProAir, AccuNeb, VoSpire | Pt presents w/ s/s of respiratory distress | *Not responsive enough *Not prescribed or not in protocols *No med direction *Pt has taken max doses pre-arrival | Pre-dosed per prescription or via med direction | Orally via MDI or SVN | dilation of bronchial smooth muscles | *Tachycardia *Tremors, Shakiness *Nervousness *Dry mouth *Nausea, vomiting |
Aspirin Trade: Bayer aspirin, Easprin, Ecotrin, Empirin, Ascriptin, Bufferin, Buffex | Pt has chest pain or discomfort | Pt has a hypersensitivity | 160-325 mg | Orally | *Decrease of clotting | *Stomach irritation, heartburn, N/V |
Naloxone Narcan, Narcan Nasal Spray, EVZIO | Pt is suspected of opioid intoxication w/ CNS depression, respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia | Known hypersensitivity | 0.4mg-2mg IN: 2mg or 1mg/nostril via MAD | IV, IM, IN, s.c | *reversal of receptor actions of the opioid | *Acute opioid withdrawl *Increased BP *Headache *Musculoskeletal pain *Nasal dryness, edema,congestion or inflammation |