Electrical Load Forecasting and Installation Standards

Classification of Consumption Sites

Consumption sites are primarily classified as:

• Residential or Commercial: Buildings intended for living or business purposes.
• Office: Buildings specifically designed for office use.
• Industry-Specific: Facilities tailored to the needs of a particular industry.
• Industrial Concentration: Areas designated for a cluster of industries.

Load Forecasting

Load forecasting considerations for different building types:

• Housing: Residential buildings.
• General Services: Common areas and shared facilities.
• Shops and Offices: Commercial spaces and office buildings.
• Garages: Parking facilities.

Degree of Electrification

• Basic Electrification: Designed to meet primary usage needs, allowing for common household equipment (5750 W).
• High Electrification: Intended for dwellings with a higher load forecast than basic electrification (9200 W), including:
  • Projected use of heating and air conditioning systems.
  • Areas larger than 160 m².
  • Any combination of the above.

General Service Load

• Lighting:
  • 30 W/m² with incandescent lamps.
  • 10 W/m² with fluorescent lamps.
• Water Pressure Group: Multiply the engine's power by 125% and estimate according to the number of taps per floor and the number of floors.
• Lifts: Multiply by 1.3. For buildings over 3 floors or more than 10.75 m, the ITA (Installation Test Acceptance) depends on performance (load, number of people, and speed).

Premises, Offices, and Garages Load

• Premises and Offices: Calculated using a minimum of 100 W per m² per floor. Each location has a minimum of 3450 VA at 230 V, with a concurrency coefficient equal to the unit.
• Garages: Calculated with a minimum of 10 W per m² per floor for natural ventilation and 20 W per m² per floor for forced ventilation. The minimum power considered is 34450 VA at 230 V.
• Industrial Buildings: For industrial concentration, 125 W per m² per floor is considered, with a local minimum of 10350 W at 230 V.

Forecast of Supply

Based on the criteria mentioned above, the calculation of connection and link facilities will consider the total loads listed. From 14490 W, it will be three-phase.

The Rush

The rush is the part of the distribution network that feeds the box or boxes, general protection, or equivalent functional unit. It contains the fuse protection of the broad outlines of feeding or individual referrals.

Rush on Front

Cables are installed at a distance from the wall, using appropriate accessories. Cables must be insulated for a rated voltage of 1000 V (0.6/1 kV) and installed in closed conduits. Conductors are twisted and go to a rush on the post-CGP (General Protection Box).

• Cable.
• Neutral guarantor.

All support elements for cable suspension and mooring must be at a minimum height of 6 m.

Underground Rush

It goes directly from the transformer station to the CGP. The connection is partially aerial and partially underground (aerosubterranean).

Rush Installation

It should only ever be installed on public sites, not in patios, garages, or private gardens.

Rush Cables

Cables will be made of copper or aluminum and must be separated. The cross-section will depend on:

• The maximum specified load.
• The supply voltage.
• The maximum allowable intensity.
• The maximum allowable voltage drop.

Link Installation

A link is the installation connecting the protection box or boxes with the user's indoor facilities. Parts:

• CGP (General Protection Box).
• LGA (General Power Line).
• Counter.
• ICP (Power Control Switch).
• Protection.

Control Devices and Counters in One Place

Mainly for housing, commercial buildings, offices, or industries.

Concentration of Counters in More Than One Place

For the same places as before, but where load centralization is desirable in more than one place or floor.