Effective Teaching Methods and Educational Theories

Didactics

Didactics is the layering of teaching that guides students through the knowledge possessed by the teacher. So that art students have more learning, professional resources are used. It is based on psychology, sociology, anthropology, epistemology, and pedagogy.

Contents

• Concept: (definition, facts, data)
• Procedural: (heuristics, discovery)
• Attitudinal: (values, norms, attitudes)

Competence

Competence is the equilibrium achieved by integrating capabilities, skills, and people skills.

Behaviorist Theory

Behaviorist theory emphasizes observation and measurement. Its application is given a stimulus and response elaboration. The child is seen as a machine. In the educational process, the curriculum is closed and compulsory for all.

Objectives

They are ranked and classified in common (general, specific, operational).

Professor

The professor is trained to respond to the student and their needs. They are a good connoisseur of methods.

Student

The student is the recipient of the content.

Teaching

Teaching focuses on behaviors and events.

Cognitive Theory

Cognitive theory considers the student as a body that has emotional and cognitive aspects. The learner processes, encodes, and evaluates the information to access reality integration. The curriculum is open and flexible. There is freedom of schedule and program.

Objectives

Objectives are raised by cognitive and emotional values by affect.

Student

The student is not a receptor but an actor in their own learning. They are seen as being with objectives and cognition.

Education

Education is concerned with strategies that lead to the achievement of objectives and is subordinate.

Teacher

The teacher is a stimulator of learning, prepared for and capable of reflecting on the means and ways to learn.

Evaluation

Evaluation is qualitative, summative, and formative, considering the process and product.

Constructivist Social Theory

Constructivist social theory is the interaction of a person in a social context with the environment. The curriculum is open and flexible.

Objectives

Objectives are usable skills and capabilities in everyday life, susceptible to being modified and taken to a higher plane.

Teacher

The teacher acts as a mediator and manager in the classroom, enhancing teaching and learning in a climate of interaction, confidence, and expectations.

Student

The student has the potential for learning that must be developed through appropriate mediation.

Education

Education is aimed at developing skills and values to prepare a person to live in society.

Didactic Design

Didactic design is considered a project of immediate action to systematize and manage school work, establishing objectives by selecting content and verifying educational processes and methodologies.

Scheduling

Scheduling includes content, activities, objectives, evaluation, methodology, and hours.

Characteristics of Scheduling

Consistency, context, usefulness, realism.

Taxonomies

Taxonomies organize hierarchical skills and abilities to develop in students. They are used by the TECNISA model and Bloom's Taxonomy (evaluate, synthesize, analyze, apply, understand, identify).

Curriculum Planning

The objective must focus on the behaviors of students' apprenticeship so that the pedagogical action is effective. Taxonomies are systems for classifying and sorting objects. They have a pedagogical function, scope, and complexity.

Planning Models

Model T, produced by Martiniano Roman and Eloisa Ten:

• Concept: data, content, materials
• Procedure: methodologies, strategy
• Skills: goal, values

Learning Models in Special Education

Learning models focus on learning difficulties. They are a conceptual representation scheme as an action.

Technological or Neobehaviorist

This model focuses on learning habits and behaviors, specific analysis of the individual subject, stimulus-response, and the professional as a mediator.

Cognitive Model

In the cognitive model, learning is a development of processes, strategies, and mental operations. The learner has an active role.

Teaching Strategies

Strategic Learning

Strategic learning allows the learner to manage their own learning, adopt autonomy, and have social and intellectual tools that allow them to learn throughout life.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL)

PBL is based on authentic problems, an approach to problems, and an analysis of cases.