Differences Between L1 and L2 Learning
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UNIT 12. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN L1 AND L2 LEARNING
L1 → first language
L2 → second language
KEY CONCEPTS
L1 learning | L2 learning (classroom) | |
Age | → baby, childhood, adolescence → babies: learn language and cognitive skills at the same time → learn to communicate | → starts in primary / secondary / adulthood → primary learners still developing cognitive skills → secondary learners and adults already have cognitive skills → have expectations towards learning a language |
Context and ways of learning | → exposure and picking up → chunks → interaction with family → silent period → experimenting → praise and encouragement → simplified speech → reformulation instead of correction | → specific language items or exposure → structures and individual words → motivation can vary → interaction with teacher and classmates → need to produce language → talking about life outside the classroom → controlled practice → not much exposure of language (2-3 hrs a week) → variation in amount of praise → little individual attention and interaction → teachers simplify language → corrections |
* L2 learning sometimes takes place outside the classroom when children or adults pick up the language
Unit 13: Learners Characteristics
Learning characteristics include learner’s motivation, learning style, learning strategies, maturity and past language learning experience. They are FACTORS which influence learners’ attitude to learning a language, how they learn it, how they respond to different teaching styles and approaches in the classroom
Learning strategies are the ways that learners choose and use to learn language. It’s useful which strategy fits you the most because the right strategy at the right time can help us learn the language better.
Repeating new words in your head until you remember them
Taking risks by using just-learnt language in conversations
Asking for feedback on your language use
Deciding to use a foreign language as much as possible
Thinking about how to memorise all the words you meet in each lesson
Paraphrasing
Maturity
Involves becoming grown up physically, mentally and emotionally.
